Abstract: To explore the effects of different wall conditions on fish swimming ability, crucian carp, a typical fish with carangiform swimming mode, was selected for 1:1 biomimetic modeling. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) combined with dynamic meshing technology was employed for 2D unsteady simulations of autonomous propulsion under various wall conditions. The study analyzed the impact of kinematic parameters like frequency (f) and amplitude (A) on swimming performance across different wall scenarios. Results showed that at low frequency (f=1.7 Hz) and small amplitude (A=0.04 L), a single - sided wall increased the fish's acceleration during the start - up phase and its cruising speed. When frequency rose from 1.7 Hz to 2.5 Hz at constant amplitude, acceleration under single - and double - sided walls rose by 52.7% and 75.9%, respectively. Similarly, when amplitude increased from 0.06 L to 0.07 L at constant frequency, acceleration under single - and double - sided walls rose by 32.4% and 33.3%, respectively. In low - frequency and small - amplitude conditions, a single - sided wall significantly enhanced propulsion. Within the low - frequency and high - amplitude range, increasing frequency and amplitude can significantly improve swimming speed. This study offers a useful reference for fish behavior research.

Key words:  , fish, influencing parameters, wall conditions, numerical simulation

摘要： 为探究不同壁面条件对鱼类游动能力的影响，选取典型的鲹科游动模式鱼类—鲫鱼为研究对象，并进行1:1仿生建模，运用计算流体力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics，CFD) 方法结合动网格技术进行二维非稳态壁面条件自主推进模拟，研究分析了摆动频率（f）和摆动幅值（A）等运动学参数在不同壁面条件下的变化规律。结果显示：在低摆频小摆幅(f=1.7 Hz、A=0.04 L)时，单侧壁面增加了鱼体启动加速阶段的加速度和巡航速度；当摆频1.7 Hz增至2.5 Hz时，单、双侧壁面影响使加速度分别增加52.7%、75.9%；当频率一定，摆幅从0.06 L增至0.07 L时，受单、双侧壁面影响加速度分别增长32.4%、33.3%。研究表明，低摆频小摆幅下，单侧壁面对鱼体增推作用明显；而在低摆频高摆幅范围内，提高摆频和摆幅可显著提升游泳速度。本研究为鱼类行为学的研究提供了有益参考。

关键词: 鱼类, 影响参数, 壁面条件, 数值模拟