Abstract:
Compared with the open space of the aquaculture cage, the space of the aquaculture ship is closed and narrow, which is difficult to accommodate the huge suction pump operation equipment. At present, the centrifugal suction pump has the advantages of compact structure, flexible installation and not out of water during the whole fishing process compared with the vacuum type and jet flow, which is especially suitable for the aquaculture ship. To address the challenge of minimizing fish damage and enhancing the efficiency of fish collection in aquaculture ship, a low-damage fish suction pump with a diameter of 200 mm has been developed. The computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method (CFD-DEM) is used to analyze the flow field characteristics of the impeller and optimize the performance of the suction pump. Flow line distribution is uniform, no fish body extrusion and blockage; at the same time, the pressure distribution in the pump channel is uniform, and it will not cause too much damage to the fish. Fish suction pump test, at the outlet end with a net bag to separate the fish water, the results show that only a small number of shark sucker has slight scratches, suspected to be scratched by a mesh bag during the separation, and no trace of impeller scratches, meet the non-destructive live fish transport requirements. The results show demonstrates that fish suction pumps can be adapted to accommodate various fish species by adjusting the pump's diameter and rotational speed. This customization minimizes fish injury, reduces the physical labor required, and enhances both the efficiency of fish harvesting and the survival rate of the caught fish.
Key words:
aquaculture ships,
centrifugal fish suction pump,
CFD numerical simulation,
flow field characteristic,
experimental verification
摘要： 相对于水产养殖网箱敞开式的空间，养殖工船空间封闭狭窄，难以容纳体积庞大的吸鱼泵作业设备。目前离心式吸鱼泵与真空式、射流式相比，具有结构紧凑、安装作业灵活和吸鱼全程不脱离水等优势，特别适合用于养殖工船。为了解决养殖工程中鱼类损伤最小化和提升捕鱼效率的问题，开发了一款口径为200 mm的离心式吸鱼泵。采用计算流体动力学—离散元法（CFD-DEM）分析叶轮的流场特性，优化吸鱼泵的性能。结果显示：泵内鱼体流动均匀，流速分布良好，且无明显流速差异；流线分布均匀，无鱼体挤压和堵塞的情况；同时，泵道内压力分布均匀，不会对鱼体造成过大的伤害。吸鱼泵试验测试显示，在出口端用网袋分离鱼水，仅有少量鲫鱼有轻微擦伤，疑似分离时被网袋刮伤，无叶轮擦伤的痕迹，满足无损活鱼输送要求。研究表明，离心式吸鱼泵可通过调整口径和转速，以适应不同鱼类，减少损伤，降低劳动强度，提高捕鱼效率和存活率。
关键词:
养殖工船,
离心式吸鱼泵,
CFD数值模拟,
流场特性,
试验验证
CHEN Qing 1, LI Dengtang1, XIE Yonghe1, GAO Weipeng2, WANG Jun 2, ZHANG Jiaqi2, LIU Ping3, HONG Yongqiang1. Simulation and experiment of the internal flow field of the centrifugal fish suction pump on aquaculture ship#br#
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[J]. Fishery Modernization, 2025, 52(2): 29-.
陈卿1 , 李德堂1, 谢永和1, 高炜鹏2, 王 君2, 张佳奇2, 刘 平3, 洪永强1. 养殖工船离心式吸鱼泵内部流场仿真与试验[J]. 渔业现代化, 2025, 52(2): 29-.