Abstract: To address the environmental pollution caused by the untreated discharge of laver processing wastewater and the inadequacy of traditional solid-liquid separation devices due to the unique adhesiveness of residual algae and impurities, a solid-liquid separation device for laver processing wastewater was developed. The working principle of this device was briefly described, and the structural dimensions of its core components were designed and calculated. A prototype was assembled for performance testing. With the separation rate and adhesion rate of laver processing wastewater as evaluation indices, and considering roller brush speed, filter mesh aperture, and backwashing movement speed as factors, a three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken experimental design method was used to conduct a quadratic orthogonal combination experiment. The results indicated that the optimal operating parameters were a roller brush speed of 476.28 r/min, a filter mesh aperture of 0.32 mm, and a backwashing movement speed of 0.007 m/s. Under these conditions, prototype testing achieved a separation rate of 84.12% and an adhesion rate of 4.71%, with no significant precipitates or suspended solids observed in the treated wastewater, meeting the requirements for solid-liquid separation. The study demonstrates that this solid-liquid separation device exhibits good separation performance, significantly reducing the risk of water and soil pollution from direct wastewater discharge and mitigating eutrophication issues, indicating promising prospects for widespread application.

Key words: laver processing wastewater, solid-liquid separation device, separation and conveyance, backwashing

摘要： 针对紫菜加工尾水未经处理直接排放所引发的环境污染问题，以及传统固液分离装置因废藻及杂质特殊粘性而难以满足尾水处理要求的现状，研发了一种紫菜加工尾水固液分离装置。简述了紫菜加工尾水固液分离装置的工作原理，对核心零部件结构尺寸进行设计计算。搭建了试制样机进行性能测试，以紫菜加工尾水分离率和附着率为指标，以辊刷转速，滤网孔径和反冲洗移速为因素，采用Box-Behnken试验设计方法，进行3因素3水平二次旋转正交组合试验。结果显示：最优工作参数为辊刷转速476.28 r/min、滤网孔径0.32 mm、反冲洗移速0.007m/s，在此条件下，样机试验获得分离率84.12%和附着率4.71%，且处理后的尾水无明显沉淀物及悬浮物，满足固液分离要求。研究表明，该固液分离装置具有良好的分离效果，能够显著降低尾水直接排放对水体和土壤的污染风险，缓解富营养化问题，具有较好的推广应用前景。

关键词: 紫菜加工尾水；固液分离装置；分离输送；反冲洗