摘要： 由于一些渔船机舱高度受限，通风管路中不可避免有结构加强筋，加强筋型式、高度，通风栅的数量、位置等均会对风管内流场产生影响，从而影响通风效果的好坏。针对某型远洋渔船机舱通风系统，基于计算流体力学（CFD）数值方法对机舱左右舷风管进行模拟仿真，研究了气流场与加强筋和通风栅的相互关系，考虑了气流在障碍或发展流动中的运动特性。结果显示：普通加强筋、增设导流板隔开加强筋及增设隔板隔开加强筋3种不同型式对风管流场影响各不相同，内表面平滑的风管流态最流畅；风管入口和风管端口处的通风栅会较大程度上降低其他通风栅的风速；风管内结构高度的增加会引起流态的紊乱、降低风速、加大各通风栅风速的不均衡。研究结果可为渔船机舱通风系统设计优化提供参考。 

关键词: 机舱通风, 加强筋, 速度分布, 流态, 渔船

Abstract: Due to the limited height of the engine room of some fishing boats, there are inevitably structural stiffeners in the ventilation pipeline. The type and height of the stiffeners, as well as the number and position of the ventilation grilles, will affect the flow field in the air duct, resulting in differences in ventilation effects. Aiming at the ventilation system of the engine room of a certain type of ocean fishing vessel, the engine room port and port air ducts were simulated based on the CFD numerical method, and the relationship between the airflow field, stiffeners, and ventilation grilles was studied, and the motion characteristics of airflow in obstacles or developing flows were considered. The results show that different types of reinforcing rib structures have different effects on the flow field of the air duct, and the air duct with a smooth inner surface has the smoothest flow state; the increase of the height of the structure in the air duct will cause the disturbance of the flow state, reduce the wind speed, and increase the unbalance of the wind speed of each ventilation grille; it can indicate the direction for the optimization of the design and optimization of the ventilation system of the engine room of the fishing boat.

Key words: engine room ventilation, structure stiffeners, velocity distribution, flow regime