渔业现代化

渔业现代化杂志

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封闭式养殖工船研发历程回顾

  1. （1 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所，上海 200092；
    2 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所，青岛 266071；
    3 青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室，青岛 266237）
  • 出版日期:2022-10-20 发布日期:2023-01-29
  • 作者简介:刘晃(1973—)，男，研究员，从事水产养殖工程和渔业发展战略研究。E-mail:liuhuang@fmiri.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    工业和信息化部高技术船舶科研项目“可移动式养殖工船工程开发及关键系统研制”（工信部装函[2019]360号）；山东省支持青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室重大科技专项“深蓝渔业产业与科技创新战略研究”(2018SDKJ0301)

Review of floating closed aquaculture vessel development#br#

  1. （1 Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Shanghai 200092, China；
    2 Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute , Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China；
    3 Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China）
  • Online:2022-10-20 Published:2023-01-29

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摘要： 封闭式养殖工船是具有自主航行功能的海上封闭式养殖系统，也是一种综合的海上渔业生产平台，其生产功能以深远海封闭式“船载舱养”为主体，兼具水产品初加工与储运功能。文章回顾了大型封闭式养殖工船研发经历的孕育构想、积极探索和创新研发三个阶段，总结了研发过程中采取的以工业化理念构建现代水产养殖新模式、注重现代装备技术与水产养殖技术的深度融合、加强相关研究成果的专利战略布局等经验做法。中国大型封闭式养殖工船经历了30多年的探索研发，终于从梦想变成为现实，其具有封闭式养殖，环境可控，是高质量绿色养殖方式；游弋式养殖，可充分利用自然条件，是高效的生产模式；大型化发展，发挥规模经济效益，构建综合生产平台等技术特点。未来，围绕养殖工船将形成渔业航母船队，搭建深远海养殖全流程、全周期、全链条的养殖体系，实现海水养殖走向深蓝。

关键词: 海洋渔业, 海水养殖, 养殖工船, 船载舱养, 封闭式养殖

Abstract: The closed aquaculture Vessel is a floating closed aquaculture system at sea with an autonomous navigation function, and also a comprehensive marine fishery production platform. Its production function is mainly based on the closed "aquaculture on board" in the deep sea, and it has both primary processing and storage and transportation functions of aquatic products. The article reviewed the three stages of conceptualisation, the large closed aquaculture vessel the breeding idea of research and development experience, actively explore, and the development of innovation summarizes the research and development taken by industrialization idea in the process of constructing modern aquaculture new mode, pay attention to the depth of the modern equipment technology and aquaculture technology integration, strengthening the practice experience in related research achievements of patent strategy layout. After more than 30 years of exploration and development, China's large closed aquaculture vessel has finally become a reality from a dream. It has closed breeding, a controllable environment, and a high-quality green breeding method. Cruise farming, which can make full use of natural conditions, is an efficient production mode; Large-scale development, give full play to economies of scale, the construction of a comprehensive production platform, and other technical characteristics. In the future, a fishery aircraft carrier fleet will be formed around the closed aquaculture vessel, and a full-process, full-cycle, and full-chain aquaculture system will be built to realize the deep blue trend of mariculture.

Key words: marine fisheries, mariculture, aquaculture vessel, aquaculture on board, floating closed aquaculture systems