摘要： 为了改善海带采收船在养殖筏架间作业的回转性能，提高我国海带养殖产业的机械化水平，对新型海带采收船进行操纵性仿真计算研究。应用计算流体力学技术和重叠网格技术对海带采收船直航运动、纯横荡运动和纯艏摇运动进行船模的约束模型试验仿真计算并求取相对应的水动力导数，将求得的水动力导数无因次化后基于勃柯维茨(Abkowitz)操纵运动方程搭建matlab仿真平台，对两型海带采收船的回转半径和回转周期进行运动预报。结果显示，流线型船体的回转性能是较好的，加装防网格栅后船舶的回转能力明显下降，而加装侧推装置可以改善船舶的回转性。将仿真结果与实船试验结果进行对比，仿真计算的误差在15%以内，验证了其可行性和有效性，对后续渔船设计中操纵性的运动预报具有参考价值。

关键词: 海带采收船, 操纵性, 仿真

Abstract: To improve the slewing performance of kelp harvesting ships in the operation between aquaculture rafts and improve the mechanization level of the kelp aquaculture industry in China, the maneuverability simulation calculation of new kelp harvesting ship was studied. Using computational fluid dynamics technology and overlapping grid technology, the constrained model test simulation calculation of the kelp-harvesting ship's direct navigation motion, pure sway motion, and pure yaw motion is carried out, and the corresponding hydrodynamic derivatives are obtained. After the obtained hydrodynamic derivatives are dimensionless, a Matlab simulation platform is built based on the Abkowitz manipulation motion equation, and the motion prediction of the turning radius and turning cycle of the two types of kelp harvesting ship is carried out. The calculation results show that the turning capacity of the streamlined hull is the best. After installing the anti-net grid, the turning capacity of the ship decreases significantly and the installation of the side, pushing device can improve the turning performance of the ship. Comparing the simulation results with the real ship test results, the error of the simulation calculation is less than 15%, which proves the feasibility and validity of the simulation calculation, and it can be used as a reference for maneuverability motion prediction in the design of follow-up fishing vessels.

Key words: Kelp harvester, maneuverability, simulation