摘要： 为实现蟹塘多草水域环境下高效行走和投饲作业，设计了一种应用于蟹塘投饲船的差速双体螺旋驱动装置，并基于计算流体力学（computational fluid dynamics，CFD）仿真技术对其水动力性能进行了研究。根据蟹塘投饲需求，对螺旋驱动装置进行了结构设计与关键参数分析。在此基础上，基于雷诺平均Navier-Stokes(RANS)方程和SST k-ω湍流模型，在Ansys软件中采用非结构化四面体网格建立螺旋驱动装置仿真模型，并就高度与螺距两个关键参数，对螺旋叶片的水动力性能进行计算分析。结果显示：螺旋驱动装置射流速度随叶片高度的增加而提高，所受阻力与螺距和叶片高度成正比，同时直径为200 mm的驱动装置浮筒在叶片高度60 mm、螺距255 mm处的水动力性能增长幅度较大；以1:4小型样机进行物理试验验证，600 r/min时所受阻力与仿真阻力误差为4.72%，验证了仿真模型的可靠性。研究表明，采用螺旋驱动装置可以实现蟹塘投饲船的可行性和有效性，所提出的水动力性能分析方法也能为螺旋驱动装置在水体环境中的应用研究提供理论参考。

关键词: 河蟹养殖, 投饲船, 螺旋驱动装置, 水动力仿真

Abstract: To realize efficient walking and baiting operation in the grassy water environment of a crab pond, this paper designed a differential twin-body spiral drive device for a crab pond baiting boat, and studied its hydrodynamic performance based on CFD simulation technology. According to the demand for crab pond bait casting, the structure design and key parameter analysis of spiral driving devices are carried out. On this basis, based on Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) equation and SST K -ω turbulence model, a simulation model of the helical drive device was established by using unstructured tetrahedral mesh in Ansys, and the hydrodynamic performance of the helical blade was calculated and analyzed according to the two key parameters of height and pitch. The calculation results show that the jet velocity of the helical driving device increases with the increase of blade height, and the resistance is proportional to the pitch and blade height. At the same time, the hydrodynamic performance of the 200mm diameter driving device buoy increases greatly when the blade height is 60mm and the pitch is 255mm. Finally, a 4:1 prototype was used to verify the physical experiment. The error between the resistance at 600r/min and the simulation resistance was 4.72%, which verified the reliability of the simulation model. Therefore, the spiral drive device is a feasible and effective driving method for crab pond feeding vessels, and the proposed hydrodynamic performance analysis method can also provide a theoretical reference for the application of the spiral drive device in the water environment.

Key words: bait boats, screw drive devices, hydrodynamic simulation, crab pond