Abstract: Aiming at the problems existing in current fish barrier electric fences on the market, such as non‑continuously adjustable output pulse voltage, easy corrosion of unipolar pulse electrodes, and generally low system scalability and networking level, a fish barrier electric fence device is designed based on power electronics, automation, and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies.An Omron network‑type PLC is used as the central control core, combined with IoT gateway communication, to achieve easy system expansion, networked control, and remote operation. A PWM pulse generator outputs high‑frequency (50 kHz) pulses to control the on‑off states of the MOSFET in a synchronous BUCK circuit, thereby realizing continuous voltage regulation. The same PWM pulse generator outputs low‑frequency (≤30 Hz) pulses to control the on-off states of the IGBT in the pulse generating circuit, achieving power supply pulses with adjustable frequency and duty cycle. Specialized driver chips and protection circuits are selected and designed to ensure safe and reliable on‑off control of the MOSFET and IGBT.The results show that the continuously adjustable pulse voltage output by the fish barrier electric fence provides better adaptability, enabling the fish barrier effect to match the environment. The effective voltage of the bipolar pulse fish barrier electric fence is 10~15 V lower than that of the unipolar pulse type, and the effect is more significant. This study provides partial experimental basis and data for research on electric fence fish barriers and also offers a technical design reference for the development of fish barrier electric fence system equipment.

Key words: Fish-Blocking Electric Barrier Device, circuit design, program design, FINS/TCP Protocol, Internet of Things

摘要： 针对目前市面上的拦鱼电栅存在输出脉冲电压不能连续可调，单极脉冲电极易腐蚀且系统扩展性和网络化程度普遍较低的问题，基于电力电子及自动化和物联网技术设计一种拦鱼电栅装置。以欧姆龙网络型PLC为中控核心结合物联网关通讯实现系统易扩展性和控制网络化及远程化；使用PWM脉冲发生器输出高频（50 kHz）脉冲控制同步BUCK电路中MOSFET通断实现连续调压的目的；使用PWM脉冲发生器输出低频（不大于30Hz）脉冲控制脉冲发生电路中的IGBT通断实现输出频率和占空比可调的电源脉冲；通过选用驱动芯片和设计保护电路实现安全及可靠的MOSFET和IGBT通断控制过程。结果显示：拦鱼电栅输出脉冲电压连续可调具有更好的适配性，可实现拦鱼效果与环境的匹配；双极脉冲的拦鱼电栅作用电压比单极脉冲的拦鱼电栅作用电压低10~15 V，且效果更明显。该研究为电栅拦鱼的研究提供了部分试验依据和素材，也为拦鱼电栅系统设备的发展提供了技术设计参考。

关键词: 拦鱼电栅装置, 电路设计, 程序设计, FINS/TCP协议, 物联网