Abstract: Aiming at the problem of low resource utilization rate of solid wastes such as fish feces and leftover baits in aquaponics systems, this study aims to screen lactic acid bacteria with the function of promoting the hydrolysis and mineralization of solid organic matter, providing an effective method for the resource utilization of aquacultural solid wastes. In this study, lactic acid bacteria strains were isolated and purified from the biological filter of an aquaponics system using lactic acid bacteria screening techniques, stress resistance tests, and fish feces and leftover bait fermentation mineralization tests. Environmental stress resistance verification was conducted, and a Lactobacillus amylovorus L4 strain with the performance of promoting solid waste hydrolysis and mineralization was obtained. The research results show that the L4 strain has high sensitivity to multiple antibiotics, as well as good high-temperature resistance and acid-base tolerance. At 50°C and 60°C, the survival rates of the L4 strain reached 97.07% and 83.08%, respectively; at 70°C, the survival rate remained at 29.12%. At pH 5.0 and 9.0, the survival rates were 78.02% and 61.59%, respectively. The results of the fermentation mineralization test showed that the fermentation mineralization effect of the L4 group (added with Lactobacillus amylovorus L4) was better than that of the control group (without bacterial agents). Among them, the mineralization rates of potassium (K) and iron (Fe) elements reached their peaks on day 1 (83.36% and 21.17%), and the mineralization rates of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), and manganese (Mn) elements reached their highest values on day 5 (14.25% - 96.32%). In conclusion, Lactobacillus amylovorus L4 has high antibiotic sensitivity, strong environmental stress resistance, and a significant effect of promoting the fermentation and mineralization of aquacultural solid wastes, with an optimal fermentation and mineralization cycle of 5 days. This study provides a technical and theoretical basis for improving the resource utilization of solid wastes in aquaponics systems.

Key words: Lactobacillus amylovorus, RAS, fermentation mineralization, stress resistance

摘要： 针对循环水养殖系统中固体废物资源化利用率低的问题，筛选出具有促固体有机物水解矿化功能的乳酸菌，为水产养殖固体废物资源化提供有效方法。该研究利用乳酸菌筛选技术、抗逆性试验及鱼粪残饲发酵矿化试验，从循环水养殖系统的生物滤器中分离纯化益生菌，并进行环境抗逆性验证，得到具有促固体废物水解矿化性能的食淀粉乳杆菌（Lactobacillus amylovorus） L4菌株。结果显示：L4菌株对多种抗生素具有高敏感性，且具有较好的耐高温性和耐酸碱性。在 50 ℃和60℃时，L4菌株存活率达 97.07%和83.08%； 70℃时，仍保持29.12%的存活率；在pH 5.0 和9.0时，存活率分别为78.02% 和61.59%。L4菌株具有较强的促发酵矿化性能。 L4 组钾（K）和铁（Fe）元素的矿化率在第1天达到峰值（83.36%和21.17%），钙（Ca）、镁（Mg）、硫（S）和锰（Mn）元素的矿化率在第5天达到最高值（14.25%～96.32%），且均优于对照组。综上所述，食淀粉乳杆菌L4具有较高的抗生素敏感性和较强的环境抗逆性，并有显著的促水解矿化作用，这为循环水养殖固体废弃物资源化提供了技术理论依据。

关键词: 食淀粉乳酸杆菌, 发酵矿化, 循环水养殖系统, 抗逆性