Abstract: With the rapid development of intensive culture of shrimp, the pursuit of high yield coupled with excessive feeding leads to the aggravation of NH4+-N, NO2−-N and sulfide pollution in the aquaculture water, which seriously harms the growth and physiological function of shrimp. This study used heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrifying bacteria (HHVEN1 and SDVEA2) and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (GHWS3 and GHWS5) screened from shrimp aquaculture environment to successfully construct two efficient denitrification/desulfurization bacterial consortia NS1-1 and NS2-2, and explored their denitrification and desulfurization capabilities. The results showed the NS1-1 consortium displayed removal rates exceeding 95% for NH4+-N, NO2−-N and sulfide, and NS2-2 exhibited removal rates of 90.27%, 97.38%, and 89.62%, respectively, all of which were superior to a single strain. The bacterial consortia NS1-1 and NS2-2 can exert maximum denitrification/desulfurization efficiency under the culture conditions of temperature 20~35 ℃, carbon nitrogen ratio (C/N) 5~20, salinity 20~30, and utilizing glucose or sodium succinate as the carbon source. The optimum pH ranges of the two consortia were different, with NS1-1 favoring 7.5~8.0 and NS2-2 preferring 7.0~8.5. The bacterial consortia NS1-1 and NS2-2 had good coexistence among various strains in aquaculture tailwater. NS1-1 and NS2-2 displayed effective removal rates of 78.75%, 75.09%, 79.61%, and 81.44%, 62.68%, 72.64% for NH4+-N, NO2−-N and sulfide in practical aquaculture tailwater, respectively. The research shows that the bacterial consortia NS1-1 and NS2-2 have high-efficiency denitrification/desulfurization removal efficiency and exceptional environmental adaptability, providing scientific support for eliminating nitrogen and sulfur pollution in the aquaculture environment.

Key words: shrimp culture, denitrifying/desulfurizing strain, compound bacteria, conditional optimization, efficiency analysis, degradation application

摘要： 随着对虾集约化养殖的快速发展，由于追求高产量和过量投饲等，导致养殖水体中氨氮(NH4+-N)、亚硝酸盐氮(NO2−-N)和硫化物污染加重，严重危害对虾生长和生理功能。本研究利用自对虾养殖环境中筛选出的异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌(HHVEN1和SDVEA2)和硫氧化菌(GHWS3和GHWS5)，成功构建了两种高效脱氮/脱硫复合菌NS1-1和NS2-2，并研究其脱氮、脱硫能力。结果显示：复合菌NS1-1对NH4+-N、NO2−-N和硫化物去除率均达到95%以上，NS2-2的去除率分别为90.27%、97.38%和89.62%，且均优于单一菌株；复合菌NS1-1和NS2-2在温度20 ℃~35 ℃、碳氮比(C/N) 5~20、盐度20~30和以葡萄糖或琥珀酸钠为碳源的培养条件下均能发挥最大脱氮/脱硫效能，两者最适pH范围不同，分别为7.5~8.0和7.0~8.5。复合菌NS1-1和NS2-2在水产养殖尾水中各菌株之间具有良好的共存性，在实际养殖尾水中NH4+-N、NO2−-N、硫化物去除率分别为78.75%、75.09%、79.61%和81.44%、62.68%、72.64%。研究表明，复合菌NS1-1和NS2-2具有高效脱氮/脱硫的去除效能和优异的环境适应能力，本研究成果为水产养殖环境消除氮、硫污染提供了科学支持。

关键词: 对虾养殖, 脱氮/脱硫菌株, 复合菌, 条件优化, 效能解析, 降解应用