Abstract: To achieve energy conservation, emission reduction, and sustainable development in aquaculture, characterized by low carbon efficiency,it is essential to address the issue of freshwater pond aquaculture tailwater treatment. This paper summarizes the treatment methods and technical characteristics of freshwater pond aquaculture tailwater both domestically and internationally according to the characteristics of pollutants in typical pond aquaculture tailwater; compares the typical pond culture tailwater treatment modes such as “three ponds and two dams”“container + ecological pond”“ecological wetland”, etc. It also analyzes the physical purification technologies such as vertical flow sedimentation, cyclone separation, filtration sieve, air flotation, etc. It also discusses the physical purification technologies such as ozone deposition and ozonation. The physical purification technologies such as vertical flow sedimentation, cyclone separation, filtration screen, air flotation, etc., and the chemical and biological purification technologies such as ozone-micro-nano flotation, new biofilm reactor filtration, flocculation, microbial preparation, activated sludge, aquatic plant etc., were discussed. The hot research directions and key technical problems in this field were pointed out, including the development of "energy-saving, emission reduction, ecological and efficient" intensive pond farming mode, the research and development of special treatment equipment for aquaculture wastewater, and the improvement of purification efficiency and floor space, etc., which can offer theoretical guidance for the development of integrated and rapid pond aquaculture wastewater treatment technologies and equipment.

Key words: pond aquaculture, wastewater treatment, physical filtration, water quality purification, secondary pollutant particles

摘要： 为实现水产养殖业节能减排、低碳高效和可持续发展，必须解决传统池塘养殖尾水处理问题。根据典型池塘养殖尾水污染物特性，全面总结国内外淡水池塘养殖尾水的处理方法和技术特点；对比了“三池两坝”“集装箱＋生态塘”“生态湿地”等典型池塘养殖尾水处理模式；分析了竖流沉淀、旋流分离、滤筛、气浮等物理净化技术以及臭氧-微纳米浮选、新型生物膜反应器过滤、絮凝、微生物制剂、活性污泥、水生植物等化学及生物净化技术；指出了该领域的热点研究方向和关键技术问题，包括发展“节能、减排、生态、高效”集约化池塘养殖模式、研发养殖尾水专用处理装备、提高净化效率和占地面积等，可为池塘养殖尾水处理技术及相关装备研发提供一定的理论参考。

关键词: 池塘养殖, 尾水处理, 物理过滤, 水质净化, 次生污染颗粒物