Abstract: As an important character of modern aquaculture, the monitoring of environmental factors is gaining more and more attention nowadays. To meet the urgent need for water quality monitoring in aquaculture, a kind of water quality detection system is designed, which can automatically collect water quality parameters and do self-maintenance. The system is composed of a wireless sensor module and a sensor protection module. The wireless sensor module uses GPRS wireless sensor technology to realize the collection and transmission of water quality parameters. The sensor protection module uses PIC16F877A MCU as controller and realizes remote communication with the server through ZigBee, thus controls the lift of the detection device as well as the flushing and moisturizing of water quality sensor. Through PC or mobile client, farmers can monitor and control the detection system in real time. Field test result shows that the system runs stably, is easy to install and convenient to operate, and can automatically detect pond water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH; the remote control reaction time is less than 1s and the error rate of data transmission is almost 0; and, the maximum relative errors of DO, pH and temperature sensor are respectively 0.55%, 1.89% and 1.32%. Research shows that the mechanical structure of the system is stable, realizing the self-maintenance function of the sensor's flushing and moisturizing; the response speed of remote control and measurement accuracy can meet the requirements for water quality information collection, and satisfy the water quality detection demand of aquaculture industry.

Key words: aquaculture, water quality automatic detection, wireless communication, PIC, sensor protection

摘要： 水产养殖水质参数的检测作为现代化水产养殖的重要特征正受到越来越多的关注。为满足水产养殖业对水质环境参数检测的迫切需求，研究设计了一种升降式水产养殖水质自动检测系统。该系统由无线传感模块和传感器保护模块构成，无线传感模块采用GPRS无线传感技术实现水质参数的采集和传送；传感器保护模块利用PIC16F877A型单片机作为控制器，通过ZigBee实现与服务器的远程通信，从而控制检测装置的升降和水质传感器的冲洗与保湿。通过PC或手机客户端，养殖户可以对检测系统进行实时监测和控制。结果显示，系统运行稳定、装配简易、操作方便，实现了对鱼塘水温、溶氧和pH的自动检测；远程控制反应时间在1 s以内，数据传输错误率基本为0；溶氧、pH和温度传感器的最大相对误差分别为0.55%、1.89%和1.32%。研究表明，升降式机械结构工作稳定，实现了传感器的冲洗、保湿自动保养功能，远程控制动作反应速度和测量精度达到水产养殖水质信息采集的要求，能够满足水产养殖水质检测的应用要求。

关键词: 水产养殖, 水质检测, 无线通信, PIC, 传感器保护