摘要： 多波束渔用声呐研制中为研究波束加权对基阵方向性的影响。本研究从常见的水平全向渔用声呐的基阵模型出发，将圆柱阵等效为多个垂直排列的圆弧阵，使用Matlab编程软件仿真了线性加权和非线性加权，对比了非线性加权中相似加权和抑制区最小功率加权对圆柱阵指向性的影响。结合现有的测试条件，在消声水池对两种非线性加权法进行了波束指向性测试。结果显示：两种非线性加权法更适合水平全向扫描的多波束渔用声呐，其中相似加权法加权过后的波束主瓣展宽较小仅约1°，旁瓣较未加权波束旁瓣降低约9 dB，对改善圆柱阵换能器的波束指向性效果较好。研究表明，可以在圆柱阵换能器中选用相似加权法来改善基阵的方向性。

关键词: 渔用声呐, 多波束, 圆弧阵加权, 圆柱阵换能器, 助渔仪器, 海洋捕捞

Abstract: To study the influence of beam weighting on array directivity in the development of multi-beam fishing sonar. Based on the horizontal omnidirectional scanning fishing sonar, cylindrical sonar array is equivalent to a plurality of vertically arranged circular arc arrays in this paper. Matlab programming software is used to simulate the linear and nonlinear weighting method. The effects of similarity weighting method and minimum power weighting in the inhibition region method on the directivity of cylindrical arrays are compared. Combined with the existing test conditions, beam directivity of two nonlinear weighting methods are tested in the anechoic sonar test pool.The simulation and test results show that the two nonlinear weighting methods are more suitable for horizontal omnidirectional scanning multi-beam fishing sonar. The similar weighting method has a better effect on improving the beam directivity of the cylindrical array transducer,the main lobe width increases only about 1°, and the side lobes reduces about 9 dB compared with the unweighted beam side lobes.The research shows that the similar weighting method can be selected in the cylindrical array transducer to improve the directivity of the array.

Key words: Multi-beam fishing sonar, ciarc array weighting, cylindrical array transducer, Marine fishing