摘要： 随着水产养殖的发展，对水产品的需求量逐年增加，大多数养殖手段是遵循传统的人工经验，人工投饲存在投饲量控制不精准、自动化程度低以及人工成本大等问题，需要一种精准化、智能化的投饲方法提升饲料的利用率。利用六轴传感器对鱼池水面波浪进行分析，通过传感器获取鱼群进食状态函数曲线，利用主成分分析选择具有代表性的特征参数，对比不同间隔下特征参数的贡献率。结果显示：间隔60 s时的分析结果更贴近实际情况，选择6个贡献率更高的参数作为是否继续投饲的判断指标，如果连续3次测得2个特征参数低于所设阈值，则视为投饲结束。基于鱼群摄食规律研究的投饲方法使投饲过程更加符合鱼群的摄食需求，饲料利用率达到85%以上，节约养殖成本并降低了污染。研究表明，该方法可以实现鱼群的精准化投饲，为实现鱼群的自动化投饲提供参考。

关键词: 智能投饲, 精准投饲, 六轴传感器, 投饲效率, 投饲设备, 水产养殖

Abstract: With the development of aquaculture, the demand for aquatic products in our country is increasing year by year, and the majority of aquaculture means is follow traditional artificial experience. Artificial feeding has some problems, such as inaccurate control of feeding quantity, low degree of automation and large labor cost. Therefore, a precise and intelligent feeding method is needed to improve the utilization rate of bait. The six-axis sensor is used to analyze the surface wave of the fish pond, and the feeding state function curve is obtained through the sensor. The principal component analysis is used to select representative characteristic parameters and compare the contribution rate of characteristic parameters at different intervals. The results showed that the analysis results with an interval of 60 seconds were more close to the actual situation. Six parameters with higher contribution rate were selected as indicators to determine whether to continue feeding. If two characteristic parameters were lower than the set threshold for three consecutive times, feeding was considered to be over. The feeding method based on the study on the feeding rules of fish schools makes the feeding process more in line with the feeding needs of fish schools. The utilization rate of bait reaches more than 85%, saves the breeding cost and reduces the pollution. The results show that this method can realize precise feeding of fish swarm, and provide reference for realizing automatic feeding of fish swarm.

Key words: intelligent feeding, precision feeding, six axis sensor, feeding efficiency, feeding equipment, aquaculture