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超声辅助酶法提取罗非鱼皮胶原蛋白及其溶解特性

  1. (1 上海海洋大学食品学院，上海 201306；
    2 国家淡水水产品加工技术研发分中心（上海），上海 201306)
  • 出版日期:2022-12-20 发布日期:2023-02-01
  • 通讯作者: 施文正（1975—），男，博士，教授，研究方向：水产品加工与食品风味。wzshi@shou.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:李家柔（1997—），女，硕士，研究方向：水产品加工与贮藏。E-mail: LiJiarou1997@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    “十三五”国家重点研发计划（2019YFD0902003）。

Ultrasonic-Assisted Enzymatic Extraction and Relative Solubility of Collagen from Tilapia Skin

  1.  (1  College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China；
    2 National Research and Development Center for Processing Technology of Freshwater Aquatic Products (Shanghai), Shanghai 201306, China) 
  • Online:2022-12-20 Published:2023-02-01

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摘要： 以罗非鱼皮为原料，探究了超声辅助酶法提取罗非鱼皮胶原蛋白的最佳工艺及其溶解特性。采用超声功率、加酶量、超声时间作为单因素试验自变量，并进行响应面优化，求得使胶原蛋白得率最高的提取条件。将罗非鱼皮超声辅助酶法所得胶原蛋白（Ultrasonic pepsin-soluble collagen, UPSC）和常规酶法所得胶原蛋白（Pepsin-soluble collagen, PSC）进行蛋白得率、紫外光谱及溶解特性分析比较。结果显示：最优提取工艺为超声功率165 W、超声时间26 min、加酶量1.67%，此条件下UPSC得率（62.26%）显著高于PSC（29.02%）。紫外光谱分析得到二者的最大吸收峰均在230 nm而不是280 nm处，符合Ι型胶原蛋白特征。在不同pH条件下，UPSC的相对溶解度几乎均高于PSC。研究表明：超声辅助酶法是一种高效、环保、简便的提取罗非鱼皮胶原蛋白的方法，适合工业化生产。本研究不但提供了超声辅助酶法提取罗非鱼皮胶原蛋白的最佳工艺，而且所得胶原蛋白得率高、相对溶解度较好，为其在食品加工方面的应用提供了依据。

关键词: 罗非鱼皮, 超声辅助酶法优化, 胶原蛋白, 得率, 相对溶解度

Abstract: The effects of the ultrasound-assisted enzymatic method on yield and dissolution properties of collagen extracted from tilapia skin were studied. A single factor test was used to investigate the influence of ultrasonic power, enzyme dosage, and ultrasonic time on collagen yield. The optimum extraction process was obtained by using the box-Behnken experimental design. The collagen yield, ultraviolet spectrum, and solubility characteristics of ultrasonic pepsin-soluble collagen and pepsin-soluble collagen were compared. The optional extraction conditions were revealed in the study as follows: ultrasonic power at 165 W, ultrasonic time for 26 min, and enzyme dosage at 1.67%. Under these conditions, the yield of UPSC (62.26%) was significantly higher than that of PSC (29.02%). The ultraviolet spectrum showed that both of them had absorption peaks at 230 nm instead of 280 nm, which was consistent with the characteristics of collagen. Under different pH conditions, the relative solubility of UPSC was higher than that of PSC. The results show that the ultrasound-assisted enzymatic method is an efficient, environmentally friendly, and simple method for extracting collogen from tilapia skin, which is suitable for industrial production. This study not only provides the best technology for extracting collagen from tilapia skin by ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic method but also provides the basis for its application in food processing with high yield and good relative solubility of collagen.

Key words: tilapia skin, optimization of ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction, collagen, yield, relative solubility