摘要： 深远海养殖工船游弋式养殖是现代海洋渔业发展的一个重要的方向，数值模拟可为其养舱流场的适渔性评估提供依据。本研究基于OpenFOAM开源软件进行二次开发，建立了考虑进出水循环系统的数值养舱。用控制变量法分析旋涡流场特性与循环流量、进水口角度间的关系，采用统计学方法分析速度的概率分布规律。结果显示：实船出现的漩涡现象在数值模拟中得到再现；相同流量情况下，产生漩涡流场的整体速度相较于非漩涡流场有着较大的提升；漩涡流场的整体流速会随着循环流量和进水口角度偏离中心程度的增大而增大。研究表明:进水口的推流作用是漩涡流场形成的重要因素；在速度方面，漩涡流场拥有更好的适渔性，可以通过调整进水口流量和角度来调整养舱内漩涡强度以及流场流速。

关键词: 养舱, 适渔性, 自由表面涡, 速度统计, OpenFOAM

Abstract: Cruise farming by deep-sea farming vessels is an important direction in the development of modern marine fisheries. Numerical research on aquaculture tanks can provide evidence for evaluating fish-friendliness in the aquaculture tanks of the vessels. To study the characteristics of the vortex flow field in the tanks of a deep-sea aquaculture vessel and analyze the fish-friendliness of the aquaculture tanks, a numerical aquaculture tank with a water circulation system was developed based on the secondary development of the open-source software OpenFOAM. The relationship between the characteristics of the vortex flow field and angles of inlets is analyzed using the control variable method, as well as the influence of the circulating flow rate. The results show that the flow velocity in a water-circulating aquaculture tank is analyzed by statistical methods. The free surface vortex phenomenon of real aquaculture tanks is reproduced in numerical simulation. Under a fixed flow rate, the overall velocity of the vortex flow field is greatly improved compared with the non-vortex flow field. Plugging of the inlets’ flow is an important factor for the generation of the vortex, and in terms of velocity, the vortex flow field has better fish-friendliness. The numerical results manifested that the flow velocity is related to the circulating flow rate and the angle of inlets, which indicated that the flow field in the aquaculture tanks can be adjusted by adjusting the flow rate or angle of inlets.

Key words: aquaculture tank, fish-friendliness, free surface vortex, statistical method, OpenFOAM