摘要： 为解决厚壳贻贝前处理阶段人工劳动强度大、定向技术落后的问题，设计了一种新型厚壳贻贝振动定向装置。首先采用三点测力法测量计算出厚壳贻贝的重心位置；结合振动理论对厚壳贻贝受力分析得出运动路线；然后使用Adams软件对其进行运动学仿真；最后利用控制变量法对定向装置的主要参数进行试验。结果显示：当厚壳贻贝的初始姿态为头部朝下，腹部朝右，振动电机频率为28.6 Hz，振动台面倾角为14 °时，此种组合状态下的头尾定向成功率为90%，头尾定向平均所耗时间为25 s。研究表明，该装置能够有效与其他厚壳贻贝自动加工设备相衔接，提高自动化程度，降低加工人员配置，同时可为其他贝类的定向试验分析提供参考。

关键词: 厚壳贻贝, 定向装置, 模型试验, 参数确定

Abstract: In order to solve the problems of heavy manual labor intensity and backward orientation technology in the pre-treatment stage of thick shell mussels, a new vibration orientation device for thick shell mussels was designed. Firstly, the barycenter position of the thick shell mussel was calculated by using the three-point force measurement method; combined with the vibration theory, the force of the thick shell mussel was analyzed and the movement path was obtained; then kinematics analysis was carried out by Adams software; finally, the main parameters of the directional device were tested by the control variable method. The results showed that when the initial posture of the mussel was head down and abdomen right, the vibration motor frequency was 28.6 Hz and the vibration mesa inclination was 14 °, the success rate of head and tail orientation was 90%, and the average time taken for head and tail orientation was 25 s. The research shows, the device could be effectively connected with other automatic processing equipment of thick shell mussels, improve the degree of automation, reduce the processing personnel allocation, and provide a reference for directional test analysis of other shellfish.

Key words:  thick shell mussel, directional device, model test, parameters determination