摘要： 鱼类栖息地的人工修复已取得了较大进展，人工鱼巢是目前对渔业资源增殖及生境修复主要措施之一。本研究研发了一种新型半潜式环保型复合人工鱼巢，整套装置采用“上-下”双层结构，悬浮于水中，结构坚固耐用，具备良好的环保性能。通过在白洋淀两处鸟岛周围设置人工鱼巢试验组和对照组，对比投放前和投放后鱼类资源状况，系统分析了人工鱼巢对鱼类资源恢复的协同作用机制。结果显示：该人工鱼巢对鱼类资源量上升73.76%～120.96%，对于具有产沉粘性卵和产寄贝蚌性卵生态习性的鱼类具有较为明显的聚集效果，人工鱼巢投放后可以整体提高鱼类单位捕捞努力量，同时为鱼类产卵提供附着物，该人工鱼巢具有庇护，觅食和繁殖作用。本研究为破解传统人工鱼巢功能单一、生态效益持续性不足等问题提供了解决方案，为大水面渔业保护和恢复提供技术参考。

关键词: 生态修复, 鱼类资源, 栖息生境, 环保型半潜式, 人工鱼巢

Abstract: Significant progress has been made in the artificial restoration of fish habitats, and artificial fish nests are currently one of the main measures for the proliferation of fishery resources and habitat restoration. This article develops a new type of semi submersible environmentally friendly composite artificial fish nest. The entire device adopts a "top bottom" double-layer structure, suspended in water, with a sturdy and durable structure and good environmental performance. By conducting experiments around two bird islands in Baiyangdian, the synergistic mechanism of artificial fish nests on fish resource restoration was systematically analyzed. The results showed that the artificial fish nest increased fish resources by 73.76% to 120.96%, and had a significant aggregation effect on fish with ecological habits of producing and sinking sticky eggs and laying bivalve eggs. After the artificial fish nest was deployed, it could overall increase the unit fishing effort of fish and provide attachments for fish spawning. The results indicate that the artificial fish nest has shelter, foraging, and reproductive functions. This study provides innovative solutions to solve the problems of single function and insufficient ecological sustainability of traditional artificial fish nests, aiming to provide technical reference for the protection and restoration of large surface fisheries.

Key words:  Ecological Restoration, Fish Resources, Fish Habitat, Eco-friendly Semi-submersible, Artificial Fish Nest