Oysters hold the top position in terms of production among shellfish farming species, demonstrating significant economic value. However, current farming facilities face challenges such as low levels of standardization and mechanization, as well as fragility to wind and waves. These issues severely limit the sustainable development of the oyster farming industry. In this research, an elevating oyster farming platform was meticulously designed. Subsequently, the physical model test method was employed to comprehensively investigate the hydrodynamic characteristics of the platform under various wave parameters, drafts, and mooring configurations. The research indicates that the motion responses and mooring line forces of the farming platform are positively correlated with wave height and period. In contrast, the growth rates of the motion responses and mooring line forces are negatively correlated with the period. Under identical working conditions, the amplitude of heave and pitch motion changes more dramatically. Under extreme sea conditions, when the farming platform transitions from the floating state to the submerged state, the surge, heave, pitch, and mooring line forces are reduced by 27.32%, 45.89%, 42.32%, and 18.47%, respectively. This transition significantly enhances the platform's capacity of withstanding wind and waves. Notably, the attenuation effects on the heave and pitch motions are the most pronounced. The motion responses and mooring line forces of the slack mooring farming platform are relatively lower than those under the tension mooring condition. Moreover, their increase exhibits an approximately linear relationship. This research not only provides a theoretical support for the development of oyster farming platforms but also offers a critical reference value for the design and research of other shellfish farming platforms.