Taking Litopenaeus vannamei as the research object, the effects of a Lysinibacillus strain on the growth, survival, and aquaculture water quality of L.vannamei were investigated. One experimental group and one control group were set up, with three parallels in each group, 125 shrimps/barrels, initial body mass ( 5.18 ± 0.13 ) g, body length ( 9.40 ± 0.18 ) cm, water temperature ( 26 ± 2 ) °C, salinity 30, and experimental time 10 d. The experimental group was continuously added with Lysinibacillus at a concentration of 0.463×109 CFU/mL, The concentrations of NH4+-N in test group and control group were ( 0.05 ± 0.01 ) - ( 5.51 ± 0.09 ) mg/L and ( 0.05 ± 0.01 ) - ( 6.07 ± 0.22 ) mg/L. The variation ranges of NO2--N concentration were ( 0.07 ± 0.01 ) -( 0.13 ± 0.01 ) mg/L and ( 0.07 ± 0.01 ) - ( 0.19 ± 0.01 ) mg/L. The variation ranges of NO3--N concentration were ( 0.07 ± 0.01 ) ~ ( 0.81 ± 0.07 ) mg/L and ( 0.07 ± 0.01 ) - ( 1.26 ± 0.07 ) mg/L. The range of pH was ( 7.10 ± 0.01 ) ~ ( 7.74 ± 0.01 ) and ( 7.03 ± 0.01 ) -( 7.74 ± 0.01 ) respectively. Lysinibacillus had significant effects on the control of NH4+-N, NO2--N, and NO3--N in aquaculture water and pH regulation ( P < 0.01 ). The final body mass was ( 7.01 ± 0.38 ) g, ( 6.78 ± 0.23 ) g, and the final body length was ( 9.67 ± 0.08 ) cm, ( 9.63 ± 0.04 ) cm. The experimental group was significantly improved compared with the control group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups ( P > 0.05 ). The survival rate of the experimental group ( 77.07 % ± 1.22 % ) was significantly higher than that of the control group ( 71.73 % ± 2.81 % ) ( P < 0.05 ). The results showed that Lysinibacillus was helpful to promote the growth, survival, and water quality control of L.vannamei.