To develop a better quality microencapsulation of Anthocidaris crassispina gonad oil, it was microencapsulated in the wall material of n-octenylsuccinate-derivatized starch(HI-CAP100) and β-cyclodextrin.In this study, spray drying was applied in the preparation of Anthocidaris crassispina gonad oil micro-encapsulation, emulsion stability and embedding rate were used as evaluation indexes.Through single factor experiment to study the effects of wall material ratio, the concentration of oil emulsion and the oil addition on the microcapsules.Based on single factor experimen,take orthogonal method was used to optimize the process conditions,and detected the  physicochemical properties, and hygiene indicators.The results showed that,the optimum conditions of Anthocidaris crassispina gonad oil micro-encapsulation were: the ratio of HI-CAP100 and β-cyclodextrin was 4:2,solids content 17% ,the ratio of oil accounts for wall material 15%.After being emuldified with IKA homogenizer for 30min and homogenizing with a cooking machine for 5 min,the inlet air temperature of spray dryer 180 ℃,outlet air temperature 80 ℃, and the sampling rate of 500mL/h,under which,  embedding rate of 95.7%, emulsion stability of 96.8% were obtained. The Anthocidaris crassispina gonad oil microcapsule in the moisture content was 71.94%,  the solubility was71.94%,the gravity angle was 22.05°,the total number of colonies was 480 CFU/g, the number of coliforms was less than 30 MPN/100g,mold and yeast were less than 10 CFU/ g,Salmonella, Shigella,Staphylococcus aureus were not detected. The physicochemical properties and safety and hygiene indicators of Anthocidaris crassispina gonad oil microcapsules are in line with industry standards.