At present, a large number of underwater robots are used for monitoring and protection in the aquaculture industry in foreign countries. However, the research of underwater robots in domestic fisheries is still in its initial stage. In order to fill the gaps in the research field of underwater robots in domestic fisheries, and promote the development of deep sea aquaculture industry, a design and research on underwater robots for fisheries was carried out in this paper, where, through the research and optimization of several important robot systems, a robot with good structural stability, smoothness of motion, hydrodynamic, etc. for fishery environment was designed, and a mathematical model for ROV was established. Then the prototype of the robot was manufactured according to the design requirements, and various experiments were performed on the prototype under a simulated underwater environment. The results showed that the indicators of the underwater robot have met the design goals and can satisfy the requirements of underwater working conditions. The research carried out in this paper provides a good inspiration and reference for the subsequent design and manufacture of underwater robots in domestic fisheries.