In order to investigate the reduction status of nitrogen and phosphorus through each purification function zone, analyze the cutting mechanism of nitrogen and phosphorus in aquaculture wastewater treatment system, and compare and demonstrate the seasonal and monthly variations of aquaculture wastewater in each functional area of the system, an aquafarm composed of aquaculture pond, ecological ditch, wetland and purification pond was constructed. Continuous spatiotemporal monitoring of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) was carried out during the aquaculture test period. Results showed that the aquaculture wastewater treatment system composed of ecological ditch, wetland and purification pond significantly reduced TN by 43.02% and TP by 30.39% from June to October. TN (1.318±0.408 mg/L) and TP (0.325±0.160 mg/L) fully met the first-level discharge standard of fresh water pond aquaculture discharge requirements (SC/T 9101-2007). The spatiotemporal interaction between summer and autumn had a significant effect on TN (P<0.05). There was no interaction effect on TP between summer and autumn and space-time along the route. The main effect of summer and autumn on TP was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The research demonstrated that ecological ditch was the main purification unit in terms of TP. The purification effect of wetland + purification pond combination on TN was better than that of ecological ditch. The TN reduction effect in autumn was better than that in summer in the aquaculture wastewater treatment system.