Marine fishery acoustic equipment plays an important role in the accurate detection and efficient fishing of marine fishery, and the improvement of its key technologies is of great importance to the improvement of equipment performance. This paper analyzed the research status of key technologies of marine acoustic equipment at home and abroad, the research progress of key technologies of single-beam, dual-beam, split-beam and multi-beam is discussed, and the significant progress of key technologies of multi-beam, multi-frequency and wide-band in marine acoustic equipment in recent ten years is emphasized. The research shows that the key technology of acoustic equipment in domestic fishery has advanced, but there is still a big gap with the advanced technology in foreign countries. Finally, the future development of the key technology of acoustic equipment in domestic fishery is prospected.