Dyneema® fiber is a kind of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fiber. Compared with ordinary polyethylene fiber, it has the characteristics of high strength. It is gradually becoming the material of choice for trawl bag and fishing twine. In order to study the performance indexes of Dyneema® fiber fishing twine, the breaking strength and abrasion resistance of 16 types of Dyneema® fiber fishing twine with 2 structures and 8 specifications were studied using an electronic fabric strength machine and a computerized yarn abrasion tester. The results show that the breaking strength of Dyneema® fiber fishing twine decreases with the increase of tensile speed (P＜0.01); in the abrasion resistance test, 4 braids No. 1 and 8 braids No. 1 have the minimum number of breaks per unit linear density of the Dyneema® fiber fishing twine of the same structure, while 4 braids No. 8 and 8 braids No. 8 have the maximum number. The retention rate of breaking strength of 4 braids fishing twine increases with the increase of linear density. After the 8 braids fishing twine was worn for 3 min and 15 min, the retention rate of breaking strength of No. 8 fishing twine is the highest (P＜0.01), and after worn for 6, 9, and 12 min, the retention rate of breaking strength of No. 7 fishing twine is the highest (P<0.01). This study shows that the breaking strength and abrasion resistance of Dyneema® fiber fishing twine are related to the diameter and linear density. The larger the diameter and linear density, the higher the breaking strength and the number of breaks per unit linear density; the smaller the diameter and linear density, the smaller the breaking strength and the number of breaks per unit linear density.