In order to solve the problems of lifting, conveying and transferring the fish in pond culture, a single-tank vacuum fish pump suitable for pond fishing was designed. Single-tank vacuum fish pump relies on the negative pressure generated by the vacuum pump to suck the fish into the tank. The vacuum suction and catching start-stop procedure is carried out through the automatic control system, and the vacuum and release actions are repeated continuously and uninterruptedly, using the gravity of the fish and the water to remove from the tank. Performance tests show that the weight of the fish is≤3 kg/fish, the length of the fish is 10~70 cm/fish, the fish-water ratio is about 1:2.3, the suction capacity of the single-tank vacuum fish pump is 11 t/h, the rate of sucking fish is about 270kg/min, the rate of releasing fish is about 540 kg/min, the vacuum value on the fish pump tank is 0~-0.04 MPa, and the fishes are not damaged. The research shows that single-tank vacuum fish pump, with simple structure, easy operation and flexible movement, is suitable for the suction and catching of fish in small pond culture, and can reduce labor intensity and improve catching efficiency.