Fish behavior is closely related to the aquatic environment and is the direct embodiment of fish living conditions. Fish behavior can be analyzed for more accurate aquaculture management and operation. A non-invasive method with better stability for recognition and quantification of fish behavior is provided by computer vision technology, which has been widely used in fish behavior research. This paper introduces and classifies the processes of computer vision technology, including image acquisition, preprocessing, moving target detection and tracking, summarizes current status of computer vision technology in the research of recognition and quantification of fish behavior such as swimming, feeding and body color change, and analyzes the difficulties and existing problems of computer vision technology in recognition and quantification of fish behavior , hoping to provide reference for the development of computer vision technology in the field of aquaculture monitoring.