Abstract: Biofloc technology (BFT) can improve water quality in aquaculture ponds, reduce feed conversion and enhance the immunity of aquatic animals, for which it is considered to be one of the effective technologies to solve the current problem of intensive aquaculture. At present, good economic, ecological and social benefits have been obtained at home and abroad. The effects of biofloc on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, non-specific immunity and antioxidant ability and aquaculture water quality of aquatic animals were summarized on the basis of consulting the relevant literature at home and abroad. A number of studies have shown that BFT can promote the growth of aquatic animals, improve digestive enzyme activity, enhance non-specific immunity, hoist antioxidant capacity, save water resources, reduce feed costs and increase economic benefits. The combination of BTF with other aquaculture technologies can more effectively reduce nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants in aquaculture water and improve economic, ecological and social benefits, and has a broad prospect.

Key words: Biofloc , growth performance, digestive performance, water quality index

摘要： 生物絮团技术（Biofloc technology，BFT）具有改善养殖池塘水质、降低饲料转化率、增强水产动物免疫力等优点，被认为是解决当前集约化养殖问题的有效技术之一，目前已在国内外经济、生态、社会上取得了良好效益。本文在查阅国内外相关文献的基础上，概述了生物絮团对水产动物的生长性能、消化酶活力、非特异性免疫功能、抗氧化能力及养殖水体水质的影响。大量研究结果表明，生物絮团技术能够促进水产动物生长、提高消化酶活力、增强非特异性免疫功能、提升抗氧化能力、节约水资源、降低饲料成本、增加经济效益。将生物絮团技术与其他养殖技术相结合，能够更有效地降低养殖水体中氮、磷等污染物，提高经济、生态、社会效益，前景广阔。

关键词: 生物絮团, 生长性能, 消化性能, 水质指标