微生物悬浮生长是水产养殖重要的水处理方式之一，指进行水处理的微生物悬浮式地生长在水体中。回顾微生物悬浮生长水处理在工厂化水产养殖中的应用历程，总结其应用进展。通过文献分析，生物絮团原位养殖技术的养殖动物和水处理微生物生长在同一空间，是当前微生物悬浮生长被广泛应用的形式，具有调控水质和提供饵料等优点，但是仍有悬浮颗粒物浓度过高等缺点；为此，养殖动物和水处理微生物在空间上是分开的异位反应器被用于污染物的处理和循环水养殖系统（RAS）的核心水处理装置。研究认为，异位反应器用作RAS的核心水处理装置可以简化RAS的装备组成，资源化地处理多种污染物，下一步仍需不断优化其工艺，研究氮磷以外的物质在养殖用水长期重复使用过程中的积累和流动规律。

As one of the important water-treatment methods in aquaculture, microorganism suspended growth means that microorganisms for water treatment grow in the water in a suspended way. This paper reviews the application process of microorganism suspended growth water-treatment system in industrial aquaculture, and summarizes the progress of its application. According to the analysis of literatures, animals cultured with biofloc in-situ aquaculture technology and microorganisms subject to water treatment grow in the same space, which is a widely used form of microorganism suspended growth at present and has the advantages of regulating water quality and providing bait, but it also has the disadvantages of high concentration of suspended solids. Thus, the ex-situ reactor with which the animals cultured are separated from the microorganisms subject to water treatment in space is used for treatment of pollutants and as a key water-treatment device of recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). The research shows that using the ex-situ reactor as the key water-treatment device of RAS can simplify the equipment composition and treat various pollutants as resources. It is still necessary to optimize to the process continuously and study the accumulation and flow of substances other than nitrogen and phosphorus during the long-term reuse of aquaculture water.