摘要： 针对池塘工程化循环水养殖用风送式投饲系统智能化程度低、能源消耗大、饲料破碎率高、投饲效率低等问题，本研究基于流体动力学-离散元法的多物理场耦合数值模拟技术（CFD-EDEM），对单管多路风送式投饲控制系统进行优化。首先，对池塘工程化循环水养殖系统及单管多路风送式投饲系统进行分析，了解性能优化需求；其次，设计常用膨化饲料物性参数测定试验，构建饲料离散元模型；然后，构建输料管路物理模型及计算流体模型，模拟不同送风速度下饲料颗粒的运动特性及分布规律，优选送风-下料智能控制策略。结果显示：送风速度显著影响输料效率与管道堵塞风险，在本试验条件下，入口风速30~40 m/s为最优工况范围；通过变频控制风机工作频率（36~48 Hz）实现送风-下料协同优化，通过压力反馈实现管道余料吹空与防堵控制，较传统模式节能18.6%、降低破碎率39.44%、提高投饲均匀度43.48%，提高了投饲效率。CFD-EDEM方法能够较好地仿真投饲系统运行工况并提供优化控制策略，本研究提出的智能控制策略为长距离多点位精准投饲提供了理论参考，有效提升了系统智能化水平与运行稳定性，为集约化水产养殖装备研发提供参考。

关键词: 池塘工程化循环水养殖系统, 单管多路投饲, 风送式, 离散单元法, 耦合仿真

Abstract:  To address the issues of low intelligence, high energy consumption, high feed breakage rate, and low feeding efficiency in pneumatic feeding systems for In-pond Raceway System(IPRS), this study optimizes a single-pipe multi-channel pneumatic feeding control system using a Computational Fluid Dynamics-Engineering Discrete Element Method(CFD-EDEM) coupling simulation approach. First, the IPRS and the single-pipe multi-channel pneumatic feeding system were analyzed to identify performance optimization requirements. Second, experiments were conducted to measure the physical parameters of commonly used expanded feed, and a discrete element model of the feed was developed. Subsequently, a physical model of the feeding pipeline and a computational fluid dynamics model were constructed to simulate the motion characteristics and distribution patterns of feed particles under varying airflow velocities, enabling the selection of an optimal intelligent control strategy for airflow-feeding coordination. Results indicated that airflow velocity significantly influenced feeding efficiency and pipeline blockage risks. Under experimental conditions, an optimal airflow velocity range of 30-40 m/s was identified. By implementing frequency conversion control of the fan (36-48 Hz), airflow-feeding coordination was optimized, and pressure feedback was used to achieve residual material purging and anti-blockage control in pipelines. Compared to traditional systems, the optimized system achieved 18.6% energy savings, 39.44% reduction in feed breakage rate, and 43.48% improvement in feeding uniformity, thereby enhancing overall feeding efficiency. The CFD-EDEM method effectively simulated the operational conditions of the feeding system and provided optimization strategies. The proposed intelligent control strategy proposed in this study provides a theoretical reference for precise long-distance multi-point feeding, effectively enhancing the system’s intelligence level and operational stability, while offering valuable insights for the research and development of intensive aquaculture equipment.

Key words:  , In-Pond Raceway System (IPRS), single-pipe multi-channel feeding system, pneumatic, EDEM, coupling simulation