摘要： 为研究港内渔船多船并排艏艉锚泊时各船的垂荡运动情况以及下沉量与波高的关系，采用物理模型试验的方法，对单船艏艉锚泊、双船、三船、四船并排艏艉锚泊时各船的垂荡运动进行了研究，重点分析了纯浪和风浪作用下，波浪周期、波浪入射方向、并排锚泊船数、渔船所处位置等对各船垂荡的影响。结果显示：90°和45°纯浪作用时，单船的最大下沉量约为波高的0.5~0.8倍；0°纯浪时，单船的最大下沉量约为波高的0.25~0.65倍；90°纯浪作用下双船并排艏艉锚泊时，其最大下沉量约为波高的0.3~1.1倍；当三船或四船并排锚泊时，其最大下沉量约为波高的0.5~1.2倍。当90°风浪作用时单船最大下沉量约为波高的0.4~0.6倍，双船时约为0.6~0.8倍，三船或四船时约为0.8~1.2倍。研究结果可为港内渔船安全泊稳研究提供参考依据。

关键词: 多船并排艏艉锚泊, 垂荡运动, 并排锚泊船数, 风浪作用, 最大下沉量

Abstract: To study the heave motion of multi-fishing vessels anchored side-by-side with bow and stern anchors, and to analyze the relationship between their maximum downward heave and wave height.  A physical model test was employed to study the heave motion of single, double, triple, and quadruple fishing vessels anchored together. The research focused on analyzing the impacts of wave period, wave incidence direction, the number of anchored vessels, and vessel position on the heave motion under both pure wave action and combined wind and wave action. The results show that, for single-vessel anchoring, the maximum downward heave is approximately 0.5 to 0.8 times the wave height for wave directions of 90° and 45°, and approximately 0.25 to 0.65 times the wave height for a wave direction of 0°. When two vessels are anchored together under the action of pure 90° waves, the maximum downward heave is approximately 0.3 to 1.1 times the wave height. For three or four vessels anchored, it is approximately 0.5 to 1.2 times the wave height. Under combined wind and wave action, the maximum downward heave of a single vessel is about 0.4 to 0.6 times the wave height, 0.6 to 0.8 times for two vessels, and 0.8 to 1.2 times for three or four vessels. The research findings provide a reference for ensuring the safe and stable anchoring of fishing vessels within harbors.

Key words: multi-fishing vessels anchored side-by-side with bow and stern anchoring, heave motion, number of side-by-side anchored vessels, combined wind and wave action, maximum downward heave