渔业现代化

渔业现代化 ›› 2023, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (5): 52-59.

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背角无齿蚌对养殖水体亚硝酸盐氮的净化效果

  1. （1 南京农业大学无锡渔业学院，无锡 214081；
    2 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心，渔业微化学实验室，无锡 214081；
    3 农业农村部稻渔综合种养生态重点实验室，无锡 214081）
  • 出版日期:2023-10-20 发布日期:2023-10-26
  • 作者简介:端国超（1999—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向：渔业生态环境评价与保护。E-mail: 2021813046@njau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中国水产科学研究院院级基本科研业务费专项（2022XT0504）

Study on purification capacity of Anodonta woodiana on nitrite in rearing water

  1. (1 Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, Jiangsu, China;
    2 Laboratory of Fishery Microchemistry, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, Jiangsu, China;
    3 Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuxi 214081, Jiangsu, China)

  • Online:2023-10-20 Published:2023-10-26

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摘要： 为探究背角无齿蚌（Anodonta woodiana）对养殖水体亚硝酸盐氮（NO2－-N）的净化效果，分析了亚硝酸盐氮（1.0 mg/L）暴露组背角无齿蚌相较于亚硝酸盐氮空白组（0 mg/L）的滤水率的影响，进而通过构建受亚硝酸盐氮（1.0 mg/L）污染的微型生态系统，比较了对照组（0只/m3）、低（10只/m3）、中（20只/m3）和高（30只/m3）养殖密度背角无齿蚌及其不同处理时间（24、48、72和96 h）交互作用下亚硝酸盐氮的含量、去除率与净化效率变化。结果显示：空白组和亚硝酸盐氮暴露组背角无齿蚌的滤水率分别为232.1 ± 122.3 L/(h·kg)和69.0 ± 17.7 L/(h·kg)，两者之间差异不显著（P > 0.05）；低养殖密度背角无齿蚌处理96 h后的养殖水体亚硝酸盐氮含量最低，为0.20 ± 0.06 mg/L，相应的去除率和净化效率分别可达到（64.99 ± 10.32）%和90.16 ± 13.54 mg/(h·kg)；背角无齿蚌对亚硝酸盐氮含量及去除率的影响与养殖密度和处理时间显著相关（P < 0.05），而与两者的交互作用关系不显著（P ＞ 0.05），而对亚硝酸盐氮的净化效率仅与养殖密度显著相关（P < 0.05）。研究表明，背角无齿蚌能够有效净化养殖水体中较高含量的亚硝酸盐氮，养殖密度设定为10只/m3的净化效果最佳。


关键词: 背角无齿蚌, 亚硝酸盐氮, 滤水率, 养殖密度, 处理时间, 去除率, 净化效率 

Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the purification capacity of the freshwater mussel Anodonta woodiana on nitrite (NO2－-N) in rearing water. The effect of nitrite on the mussels’ clearance rates was analyzed. Furthermore, the nitrite concentrations, removal efficiencies, and purification efficiencies were compared at the control (0 mussels/m3), low (10 mussels/m3), medium (20 mussels/m3), and high (30 mussels/m3) culture densities and different treatment times (24, 48, 72, and 96 h). The results showed that the clearance rates of A. woodiana in the blank (0 mg/L) and nitrite-treated (1.0 mg/L) groups were 232.1 ± 122.3 L/(h·kg) and 69.0 ± 17.7 L/(h·kg), respectively, they did not reach a significant difference level (P > 0.05). The lowest nitrite concentration in the rearing water was 0.20 ± 0.06 mg/L for A. woodiana at low culture density and 96 h treatment, and the corresponding removal efficiencies and purification efficiencies could reach (64.99 ± 10.32)% and 90.16 ± 13.54 mg/(h·kg), respectively. The effect of A. woodiana on nitrite concentrations and removal efficiencies was significantly correlated with culture density and treatment time (P < 0.05), while the interaction with both was not significant (P > 0.05). The purification efficiencies of nitrite was only significantly correlated with culture density (P < 0.05). These findings showed that A. woodiana could effectively purify the higher levels of nitrite in the rearing water, and the best purification effect was achieved at a culture density of 10 mussels/m3.


Key words: Anodonta woodiana, nitrite, clearance rate, culture density, treat time, removal efficiency, purification efficiency