摘要： 为探究真空泵吸鱼过程气液流动机理以及抽气压力对吸鱼速度影响，以某深远海养殖平台真空吸鱼泵为研究对象，基于体积函数法（Volume of Fluid，VOF）两相流模型，对真空吸鱼泵集鱼装置内部气液两相流动过程进行数值模拟。结果显示：在一定抽气压力条件下，水进入集鱼筒后，产生了水与大量气团组成的泡沫状气液两相混合体，气泡不断聚集并向抽气口方向运动，直至流出抽气口，集鱼筒注满水时间短；管道入口启动速度随着抽气压力的减小不断增大，之后速度波动减小，在- 40 kPa ~ -20 kPa抽气压力条件下，当抽吸时间7 s，管道入口的速度逐渐平稳，当抽气压力≥-15 kPa时，吸水管出现了倒流现象，水沿管道来回晃荡，抽气压力在- 40 kPa ~ -20 kPa范围可确保鱼水混合物顺利抽到集鱼筒内。本研究数值模拟结果可为真空吸鱼泵的抽气压力设计及优化提供参考。

关键词: 真空吸鱼泵, VOF, 抽气压力, 气液两相, 数值模拟

Abstract: To research the principle of gas-liquid flow in the process of fish pumping and the effect of pumping pressure on the fish sucking speed of a vacuum fish pump, the vacuum fish pump of a deep-sea aquaculture platform is taken as the research object. Based on the VOF two-phase flow model, the flow process in the internal passage of the fish collecting device of the vacuum fish pump is numerically simulated. The numerical results show that, under certain pumping pressure, water continuously enters the fish collecting tank, and a foam gas-liquid two-phase mixture composed of water and a large number of air masses is produced. Bubbles continuously gather and move towards the air extraction port until they flow out of the air extraction port, the time for filling the collector with water is very short. The start-up velocity at the inlet of the pipe increases with the decrease of the pumping pressure, and then the velocity fluctuation decreases. In the pressure range of -40kPa ~ -20 kPa, after t=7s, the velocity at the inlet of the pipe gradually becomes stable. When the pumping pressure is ≥ -15kPa, the water pipe has a backflow phenomenon, and the water sloshes back and forth along the pipe. Therefore, when the pumping pressure is in the range of - 40 kPa to - 20 kPa, it can ensure that the fish water mixture can be smoothly pumped into the fish collector. The numerical simulation results can provide theoretical support for the design and optimization of pumping pressure.

Key words: vacuum fish pump, VOF, pumping pressure, gas-liquid two-phase, numerical simulation