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工厂化养殖红罗非鱼摄食耗氧规律

  1. （1上海海洋大学水产与生命学院，上海  201306；
    2农业农村部渔业装备与工程技术重点实验室，中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所，上海  200092)
  • 出版日期:2022-06-20 发布日期:2022-10-28
  • 通讯作者: 张宇雷（1980—），男，研究员，研究方向：水产养殖工程。E-mail:zhangyulei@fmiri.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:张瑜霏（1997—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向：智能增氧 。E-mail: 306146895@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“工厂化养殖水质智能调控技术与装备研发(2019YFD0900501)”

Post-prandial oxygen consumption of red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) in recirculating aquaculture system

  1.  (1 Shanghai Ocean University, shanghai 201306, China;
    2 Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Science,  Shanghai 200092, China)
  • Online:2022-06-20 Published:2022-10-28

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摘要： 为研究高密度循环水养殖模式在投饲后出现的溶氧水平发生大幅度下降、引发鱼群浮头缺氧等问题，以红罗非鱼为例，采用封闭静水式试验方法，在投饲时停止系统循环，测量整池鱼的耗氧量。通过控制温度（26℃、29℃、32℃）和投饲率（0.4%、0.6%、0.8%、1.0%、1.2%）2项因素观察红罗非鱼摄食前耗氧量、摄食耗氧量、摄食后2 h耗氧量的变化，应用双因素方差分析法探究差异性。结果显示：温度和投饲率对红罗非鱼耗氧量有显著交互作用。在26～32℃的温度范围，随着温度升高，摄食前耗氧量也随之升高，差异极显著（P<0.001）；摄食前耗氧量与温度的线性回归方程为y = 0.961 7 x -14.125（R⊃2; =0.990 3）；摄食耗氧量随投饲量的增加而上升，红罗非鱼摄食后2 h耗氧量也符合这一规律。研究表明：红罗非鱼在投饲前耗氧量与温度呈线性关系而投饲后则不具备线性关系，在一定范围的投饲率下，红罗非鱼摄食饲料越多，鱼类摄食后的代谢恢复速度越慢。

关键词: 工厂化养殖, 红罗非鱼, 溶氧, 温度, 投饲率, 摄食耗氧

Abstract: To study the high-density recirculating aquaculture model after feeding, the dissolved oxygen level drops sharply, causing the floating head of fish to lose oxygen and other problems. Taking red tilapia as an example, a closed hydrostatic experiment method was adopted, and the system was stopped during feeding. Circulate and measure the oxygen consumption of the fish in the whole pond. By controlling the temperature (26°C, 29°C, 32°C) and feeding rate (0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0%, 1.2%), the oxygen consumption of red tilapia before feeding, feeding oxygen consumption, and the change in the oxygen consumption 2 hours after feeding were observed. Changes in oxygen consumption were investigated by two-way ANOVA. The results showed that temperature and feeding rate had significant interaction effects on oxygen consumption of red tilapia. In the temperature range of 26-32℃, with the increase in temperature, the oxygen consumption before feeding also increased, and the difference was extremely significant (P<0.001). The linear regression equation of oxygen consumption before feeding and temperature is: y = 0.961 7 x -14.125 (R⊃2; = 0.9903). The oxygen consumption of food increased with the increase in feeding amount, and the oxygen consumption of red tilapia 2 h after feeding also followed this law. Studies have shown that the oxygen consumption of red tilapia has a linear relationship with temperature before feeding, but not after feeding. The more red tilapia feeding the feed, the slower the metabolic recovery speed of fish after feeding under a certain range of feeding rate.

Key words: industrial aquaculture, red tilapia, dissolved oxygen, temperature, feeding rate, post-prandial oxygen consumption