摘要： 深水网箱养殖过程中，网衣会受到海洋动植物等污损生物的附着，影响网箱内的水体交换，不利于养殖鱼类的生长和存活，同时，污损生物的附着会导致网衣重量增加，容易对养殖设施造成破坏。本研究在对国内、外的网箱清洗装置及研究现状进行分析的基础上，比较了移动式水下网箱清洗装置、潮流动力型网箱清洗装置和水下清洗机器人的技术特点，并对网箱清洗技术及装备随着大数据等新兴技术发展提出了未来的发展方向。

关键词: 污损生物, 深水网箱, 清洗装置, 水下清洗机器人

Abstract: The net will be contaminated by marine animals and plants and other biofouling in the process of deep-water cage culture, which will affect the water exchange in the cages and is not conducive to the growth and survival of cultured fish. In addition, the contamination of biofouling can cause the weight of the net to increase, thus making it easy to damage the culture equipment. The present paper, based on the analysis of domestic and foreign cage cleaning device and research status quo, compared the technical characteristics of mobile underwater cage cleaning device, tide power type cage cleaning device and underwater cleaning robot, and put forward the future development direction of cage cleaning technology and device with the development of big data and other emerging technologies.

Key words: biofouling, deep-water cage, cleaning devices, underwater cleaning robots