摘要： 随着贝类预制菜产业的发展，基于贝肉的精加工预制食品逐渐在市场上推广，虽然市场上清洗装置品类较多，但是尚未有适合各类贝肉产品清洗的装备，存在清洗效率低、洗净率差和易破损等问题。本研究基于淹没水射流机理，设计了以淹没水射流为清洗动力的贝肉清洗装置，并对清洗装置进行Fluent-EDEM耦合数值模拟，确定清洗装置的关键结构参数范围。通过2个阶段试验论证了该清洗装置的合理性，第1阶段通过清洗正交试验得出，当射流口直径为10 mm，清洗量为14 kg，清洗时间为6 min，淹没水射流式清洗效果最佳；第2阶段进行了生产性对比试验，并以洗净率和破损率作为评价指标，对比3种清洗装置洗净率。结果显示：以扇贝裙边为清洗对象时，淹没水射流式清洗装置的平均洗净率为97.77%，且无破损现象，较螺旋桨式清洗装置洗净率提高了14.4%，较超声波式清洗装置洗净率提高了7.3%；以鸟蛤肉为清洗对象时，淹没水射流式清洗装置的平均洗净率为98.23%，较螺旋桨式清洗装置的洗净率提高了12.49%，较超声波式清洗装置洗净率提高了6.7%，且无破损情况。研究表明，淹没水射流式装置具有较好的清洗效果，具备产业化推广价值。

关键词: 贝肉清洗, 淹没水射流, 水产品加工, Fluent-EDEM, 流固耦合

Abstract:  With the development of the prefabricated shellfish food industry, precision processed pre made foods based on shellfish are gradually being promoted in the market. Although there are many types of cleaning devices in the market, there is no suitable equipment for cleaning various types of shellfish products, which has problems such as low cleaning efficiency, poor cleaning rate, and easy damage. Based on the mechanism of submerged water jet, this article designs a shellfish cleaning device using submerged water jet as the cleaning power, and conducts Fluent-EDEM coupled numerical simulation on the cleaning device to determine the key structural parameter range of the cleaning device. The rationality of the cleaning device was demonstrated through two-phase experiments. In the first phase, through orthogonal cleaning experiments, it was found that the submerged water jet cleaning method had the best cleaning effect when the jet diameter was 10 mm, the cleaning amount was 14 kg, and the cleaning time was 6 minutes, respectively. In the second phase, a production comparison experiment was conducted, and the cleaning rate and damage rate were used as evaluation indicators to compare the cleaning rates of three cleaning devices. The experimental results show that when using scallop skirts as cleaning objects, the average cleaning rate of the submerged water jet cleaning device is 97.77%, and there is no damage phenomenon. The cleaning rate of the submerged water jet cleaning device is 14.4% higher than that of the propeller cleaning device, and 7.3% higher than that of the ultrasonic cleaning device. When using Cockle meat as the cleaning object, the average cleaning rate of the submerged water jet cleaning device is 98.23%, which is 12.49% higher than the propeller cleaning device and 6.7% higher than the ultrasonic cleaning device, and there is no damage. This indicates that the submerged water jet device has a good cleaning effect and has industrial promotion value.

Key words: shell meat cleaning, submerged water jet, fish processing, Fluent-EDEM, fluid structure coupling
 ,