Abstract: The production cost and cost components of epinephelus spp. cultured in recirculating aquaculture system(RAS) were analyzed in this paper. The production cost and cost components of pearl gentian epinephelus spp. was estimated based on the typical RAS aquaculture process, supporting facilities, the empirical production data and expenditure of fish farmer in Northern China at per unit area yield of 30 kg/m2、40 kg/m2 and survival rate of 60%、70%、80%. Per unit area yield and survival rate have significant effects on the production costs. As the per unit area yield is 30kg/m and survival rate is 60%, the production cost is 55.6yuan/kg; while the per unit area yield is 40 kg/m2and survival rate is 80%, the production cost is reduced to 45yuan/kg. Fry cost, feedstuff cost, worker salary, power consumption, and depreciation cost are the main cost components of epinephelus spp., which account for 88%-90% of the total cost. Survival rate influences fry cost. As survival rate increases from 60% to 80%, the fry cost is reduced to 9.385yuan/kg from 12.5yuan/kg. Per unit area yield influences sharing costs such as worker salary, power consumption, depreciation, management, disease prevention, liquid oxygen. As the per unit area yield increases from 30kg/m2 to 40kg/m2, the sharing cost is reduced to 22.48yuan/kg from 29.9 yuan/kg. This paper provides reference for the production cost control of epinephelus spp. cultured in RAS system in Northern China.

Key words:  epinephelus spp.;recirculation aquaculture system, production cost 

摘要： 为研究北方石斑鱼工厂化循环水养殖的成本构成以及养殖成本，依据典型的北方循环水养殖工艺和设施配套以及养殖企业的经验数据和费用支出情况，分别测算了养殖单产为30 kg/m2、40 kg/m2和存活率为60%、70%、80%时的珍珠龙胆石斑养殖成本及构成。养殖单产和存活率能显著影响养殖成本，养殖单产30 kg/m2、存活率60%时的养殖成本为55.80元/kg，单产40 kg/m2、存活率80%时的养殖成本为45.07元/kg。苗种、饲料、人工、水电、折旧费用构成养殖主要成本，占总费用的88%~90%。提高存活率可以显著减少单位苗种成本，存活率从60%提高到80%，苗种成本由12.5元/kg降低到9.385元/kg。而提高单位产量可以减少人工、水电、折旧、管理、防疫、液氧等分摊成本，单位产量从30 kg/m2提高到40 kg/m2，总分摊成本从29.9元/kg降低到22.48元/kg。本研究可为北方工厂化石斑鱼的养殖及成本控制提供参考。

关键词: 石斑鱼, 循环水养殖, 养殖成本