Abstract:  Particles not only have direct influences on cultured species, but also affect the efficiency of other water processing elements, thus becoming a restrictive indicator for reuse and discharge of aquaculture water. This paper summarizes descriptive indicators of properties of solids in aquaculture water, analyzes the source of particles during cultivation based on characteristics of aquaculture, and estimates particles necessary to be removed based on water feeding quantity; it also introduces the method to remove residual feeds and excrement from the aquaculture tank with double-rowed pipe as quickly as possible; finally it concludes several common solid-liquid separation techniques. When solid-liquid separation techniques are selected, the size of particles removed, head loss, hydraulic loading and overall removal efficiency, as well as whether it is likely to break particles of large size into particles of small size during removal so that the difficulty in removal is increased on the whole should be considered.

Key words: Aquaculture, circulating water, particle, solid-liquid separation

摘要： 颗粒物不仅对养殖对象有直接影响，也会影响到其它水处理单元的效率，是水产养殖水体重复利用和排放的限制性指标。本文概述了水产养殖水体中固体物质性质的描述指标，根据水产养殖活动的特点对养殖过程中颗粒物的来源途径进行了分析，可以根据水体的投饲量估算需要去除的颗粒产生量；介绍了使用双排管将残饵和粪便尽快地排出养殖池的方法；根据颗粒物的粒径、沉降速率等特征，总结了几种常见的固液分离技术。选择固液分离技术时，需要考虑去除的粒径、水头损失、水力负荷以及总体去除效率，还要考虑是否可能在去除的过程中会把大粒径颗粒碎成小粒径颗粒因而增加总体去除难度。

关键词: 水产养殖, 循环水, 颗粒物, 固液分离