Abstract: Aiming at the problems of the traditional aquatic product transaction traceability system, such as centralized and easy to tamper, data cannot be shared, and credible traceability difficulties, a traceability model of aquatic product transactions based on the combination of blockchain and InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) is proposed. By analyzing the aquatic product transaction process, the key information of aquatic product breeding and order transaction information are stored in IPFS, and the IPFS address is uploaded to the blockchain network. Based on the alliance chain platform Hyperledger Fabric, the prototype of the system was realized, the system access control scheme was designed, and the smart contract suitable for the system was proposed to ensure the safe and reliable storage of transaction data. The results show that the system can realize the release and query of transaction data, and consumers and regulatory authorities can realize the credible traceability of aquatic product breeding information; the system throughput can reach about 220 transactions per second, which basically meets the aquatic product transaction data Business requirements for storage and traceability. This research can provide a reference for the traceability technology of aquatic product transactions.

Key words: blockchain, aquatic products trading, traceability; , smart contract

摘要： 针对传统水产品交易溯源系统存在的中心化易篡改、数据无法共享和可信溯源困难等问题，提出了基于区块链和星际文件系统（InterPlanetary File System，IPFS）结合的水产品交易溯源模型，通过分析水产品交易流程，将水产品养殖关键信息和订单交易信息等数据采用IPFS存储，并将IPFS地址上传至区块链网络。基于联盟链平台Hyperledger Fabric实现了该系统的原型，设计系统访问权限控制方案，提出了适用于该系统的智能合约，以保证交易数据的安全可靠存储。结果显示：该系统可以实现交易数据的发布和查询，消费者和监管部门可以实现对水产品养殖信息的可信追溯；系统吞吐量可以达到220笔/s的交易，基本满足水产品交易数据的存储和溯源业务需求。本研究可为水产品交易溯源技术提供一种参考。

关键词: 区块链, 水产品交易, 溯源, IPFS, 智能合约