Abstract: In order to study the effects of light color and photoperiod on the growth and physiology of Salmo salar during smoltification, 3 photoperiods and 3 light source colors were designed by single factor analysis. Under the condition of red light, 24 h full on (24L: 0D) (full light), 24 h full off (0L: 24D) (no light) and 12 h on and 12 h off (12L:12D) (half light) were set, and under the condition of half light, red light, white light and blue light were set. The test cycle was four months, aiming at measuring the growth performance and serum biochemical indexes of Salmo salar. The results showed that under the condition of half light, the daily gain and the specific growth rate of Salmo salar were significantly higher than those under the condition of no light (P<0.05), while the bait coefficient was significantly lower than that in the other two groups (P<0.05). Light source color had significant influence on the growth of Salmo salar during smoltification (P<0.05). When the red light was used, the daily gain of Salmo salar was the highest, followed by that of white light group, and the lowest by that of blue light group, while the bait coefficient showed the opposite pattern. The salinity tolerance test showed that the mortality rate of the half light group was 10%, significantly lower than that of the other two groups (P<0.05), the mortality rate of red light group was about 10%, significantly lower than that of the white and blue light group (P<0.05). The analysis of serum indexes showed that the contents of sodium and chloride ions in the half light group were lower than those in the other two groups, suggesting that Salmo salar in this group had the ability of osmotic pressure regulation in seawater. In conclusion, red half light is suitable for aquaculture of Salmo salar during smoltification.

Key words: Salmo salar, smoltification, light color, photoperiod, growth

摘要： 为探讨大西洋鲑银化期间光色和光照周期对其生长及生理的影响，采用单因素分析法，设计3种光照周期和3种光源颜色，在红光条件下，设置24 h开灯(24L:0D)（全光照）、24 h关灯(0L:24D)（无光照）以及12 h开灯12 h关灯(12L:12D) （半光照）3种光照周期，在半光照条件下，设置红光、白光和蓝光3种LED光源颜色。试验周期为4个月，测定各组大西洋鲑的生长性能指标及血清生化指标。结果显示，半光照时，大西洋鲑的日增重和特定生长率显著高于无光照组(P<0.05)，而饲料系数显著低于其他两组(P<0.05)。光源颜色对大西洋鲑银化期的生长具有显著影响(P<0.05)，采用红光时，大西洋鲑的日增重最高，白光组次之，蓝光组最低，而饵料系数呈现相反的规律。盐度耐受试验表明，半光照组的死亡率为10%，显著低于其他两组(P<0.05)，而红光组死亡率约为10%，显著低于白光组和蓝光组(P<0.05)。血清指标分析表明，半光照组的钠离子和氯离子含量低于其他两组，说明该组的大西洋鲑在海水中具备了渗透压调节的能力。综上，红光光源半光照为大西洋鲑银化期的适宜养殖条件。

关键词: 大西洋鲑, 银化期, 光色, 光照周期, 生长