摘要： 缢蛏养殖池塘的畦间沟深度是决定池塘水体空间大小的重要因素，缢蛏食物的数量与其密切相关，对缢蛏养殖产量的提高至关重要。目前大部分养殖户仍凭借各自经验设置畦间沟深度，存在较大的盲目性。本研究将8 hm2的池塘改建成4个面积相同的池塘(2 hm2)，分别设置畦间沟深度为0.5 m、0.9 m、1.3 m和1.7 m，标记S1、S2、S3、S4，皆播种平均体质量0.24 g的缢蛏苗4.3×105粒/hm2，采用独立供饵，进行了150 d左右的养殖试验。结果显示：缢蛏平均体质量大小依次为S3（16.93 g）、S2（16.39 g）、S4（15.14 g）、S1（14.07 g），存活率大小依次为S2（71.28%）、S3（68.80%）、S1（68.07%）、S4（61.55%），缢蛏产量高低依次为S2（5 023.6 kg/hm2）、S3（5008.8 kg/hm2）、S1（4 118.4 kg/hm2）、S4（4 007.2 kg/hm2）。研究表明，畦间沟深度主要通过影响缢蛏的摄食、蛏畦和池塘水质的稳定性，进而影响缢蛏生长与存活；畦间沟过浅或过深，缢蛏养殖效果不理想，设置畦间沟深度0.9~1.3 m，可保持缢蛏养殖池塘环境稳定，摄食生长正常，获得较高的产量和效益。

关键词: 缢蛏, 畦间沟深度, 生长, 存活, 水质, 池塘养殖

Abstract: The depth of border ditch in Sinonovacula constricta culture ponds, which is closely related to the amount of food for S. constricta, is an important factor determining the water space of the pond as well as the S. constricta culture efficiency. However, there is a great blindness and habit-based orientation when most farmers set the depth of border ditch at present. In this research, a pond with an area of 8 hm2 was transformed into four same-sized ponds (2 hm2), with border ditches depths being respectively set at 0.5 m, 0.9 m, 1.3 m and 1.7 m and marked as pond S1, S2, S3 and S4. All four ponds were sowed with seedlings at a density of 4.3×105 grains per hm2 with an average body mass of 0.24 g, and fed independently for about 150 days. The results showed that the body mass of S. constricta by order was S3 (16.93 g), S2 (16.39 g), S4 (15.14 g), S1 (14.07 g), the survival rate was S2 (71.28%), S3 (68.80%), S1 (68.07%), S4 (61.55%), and the yield was S2 (5023.6kg / hm2), S3 (5008.8kg / hm2), S1 (4118.4kg / hm2), S4 (4007.2kg / hm2). The research suggested that the depth of furrow between borders affected the growth and survival of S. constricta mainly through affecting the feeding, the stability of borders and pond water quality. The culture effect of S. constricta was not ideal when the border ditch was too shallow or too deep. Setting the border ditch depth at 0.9-1.3 m could maintain a stable culture pond environment, normal feeding and growth, and lead to a higher yield and benefits.

Key words: Sinonovacula constricta, furrow depth, growth rate, water quality, survival rate