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冷冻大黄鱼通电加热解冻工艺参数研究

  

  1. （农业部渔业装备与工程技术重点开放实验室，中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所，
    国家水产品加工装备研发分中心（上海），上海 200092)
  • 出版日期:2016-06-20 发布日期:2022-09-15
  • 通讯作者: 沈建（1971—），男，研究员，研究方向：水产品加工装备与技术。E-mail：shenjian@fmiri.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:欧阳杰（1983—），男，助理研究员，硕士，研究方向：水产品加工技术。E-mail：ouyangjie@fmiri.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项(2014A10XK04)

Study on process parameters of ohmic heating thawing for frozen pseudosciaena crocea

  1. ( Key Laboratory of Fishery Equipment and Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture,
    Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,
    National R＆D Branch Center For Aquatic Product Processing Equipment (Shanghai）Shanghai 200092, China)
  • Online:2016-06-20 Published:2022-09-15

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摘要： 为探索冷冻大黄鱼通电加热解冻的可行性，采用直接通电和浸泡通电两种方法对大黄鱼进行解冻，分别以空气解冻和流水解冻作为对照组，实时测定大黄鱼各部位的温度，综合解冻时间和均匀性作为解冻效果的评价指标。结果显示，直接通电加热可以有效缩短解冻时间，但解冻均匀性差，鱼体最高温差达30.2℃，不适合大黄鱼的解冻；与对照组相比，浸泡通电解冻速度提升近1倍，且均匀性较好，适合大黄鱼的解冻。为了掌握浸泡通电解冻工艺参数，研究了电源形式、电压、导电液浓度对解冻效果的影响。研究表明，电源形式（直流或交流）对解冻无显著影响，220 V最适合大黄鱼的解冻，导电液浓度为1%时解冻效果最好；重量为500 g左右的冷冻大黄鱼通电加热解冻工艺为：1% NaCl浸泡，220 V交流电通电18 min，解冻终温为5.2℃。

关键词: 大黄鱼, 通电加热, 解冻, 时间, 均匀性

Abstract: In order to explore the feasibility of ohmic heating thawing for frozen Pseudosciaena crocea, direct and immerse ohmic heating methods were used for thawing, respectively taking air thawing and running water thawing as control groups, the real-time temperature of each part of Pseudosciaena crocea was tested, and the thawing time and uniformity were used as evaluation index. The results show that direct ohmic heating can shorten  thawing time effectively, but thawing is uneven and the biggest temperature difference is 30.2℃, which is not suitable for thawing frozen Pseudosciaena crocea; immersed ohmic heating is more suitable for the thawing, with the thawing speed almost one time faster compared to the control group and with a better thawing uniformity. In order to master the process parameters of immersed ohmic heating, effects of different power modes, voltages and electrolyte concentrations on thawing were researched. The results show that power mode (direct current or alternating current) has no significant influence on thawing, 220V is the most suitable voltage for Pseudosciaena crocea thawing, and electrolyte concentration at 1% has a best thawing effect. After comprehensive analysis, it is confirmed that the ohmic heating thawing process for frozen Pseudosciaena crocea (weight about 500g) is to immerse it in 1% NaCl, use 220 v alternating current electricity for 18 minutes, and the terminal temperature is 5.2℃.

Key words:  Pseudosciaena crocea, ohmic heating, thawing, time, uniformity