This dissertation has constructed an integrated multi-trophic aquaculture system of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco and investigated the change law of primary productivity，key influencing factors of it. From September to November 2020 and March to August 2021, the black and white bottle method, microscope counting method and national standard detection method were used monthly to measure the primary productivity, phytoplankton biomass, water physicochemical factors of the farming and purification area respectively, which were the functional areas of the pond. Results indicated that the primary productivities of the farming area (FA) and purification area (PA) were 1.90 ± 0.77 g/m2·d, 3.05 ± 1.43 g/m2·d respectively and the phytoplankton biomass was0.45 ± 0.29 mg/L, 0.81 ± 0.53 mg/L respectively, showing the significant difference (P＜0.001, P=0.002). Primary productivity and phytoplankton biomass in FA and PA all decreased in September-November, March-April and increased in May-July, with obvious seasonal fluctuation. Moreover, phytoplankton biomass in FA and PA was mainly affected by water temperature, light and phosphate. The primary productivity of FA was mainly affected by water temperature, ammonia nitrogen and dissolved oxygen, while the primary productivity of PA was mainly affected by water temperature, nitrate nitrogen and phytoplankton biomass. This dissertation is aiming to clarify the basic ecological characteristics of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco integrated multi-trophic aquaculture pond, which provides theories for efficient aquaculture.