Focusing on the problems of current aerating devices such as immovability, limited power source, low degree of automation and intelligence, and lack of dissolved oxygen detection system, a kind of autonomous mobile photovoltaic waterwheel aeration platform is designed. Based on the analysis of overall performance, the overall structure of the aerating platform was designed and the autonomous mobility was realized using the real-time detection of ultrasonic distance-measuring sensor and the speed difference control of motors; according to the requirements on device working time, power consumption and rainy day counter measures, the configuration method of solar panels and batteries was theoretically analyzed, the system hardware was designed and function modules were selected; then, the software system as well as the remote monitor and control PC system were studied. As is verified by offshore distance measuring experiment, the aerating platform can move in parallel to the water shore following the set distance, and can escape from obstacles ahead; the design has preliminary realized the autonomous moving of aeration devices and expanded the aerated water scope. Compared with the stationary aerators using traditional power supply, this platform has a larger aerating range, more flexibility, and higher automatic and intelligent levels.