At present, domestic recreational fishing boats are mostly powered by diesel fuel, with low energy utilization efficiency, serious waste of resources, and some environmental pollution problems. In this paper, lithium iron phosphate batteries were used as the power source of small and medium-sized FRP recreational fishing boats, SCM with the main control chip of S32K144 was used to build the boats’ battery management system to manage the battery pack, DC/DC controller was used to control the battery charge and discharge to achieve voltage stability, and SVPWM was used as the control strategy of the electric propulsion system to improve the stability of the system and anti-jamming capacity. Through the module toolbox, the modeling of battery management system, battery control system and electric propulsion control system was completed, the electric propulsion system was modeled by connecting each system, and the system model was simulated by Matlab/Simulink. The results show that the electric propulsion system can operate steadily when the load is constant, and react quickly and restore stability when the load changes, which verifies the feasibility of the model. The results of the study have certain reference value for the application of small and medium-sized electric FRP recreational fishing boats and electric ships.