In recent years, affected by the declining of inshore fishery resources, deterioration of water environment and extensive production mode, the fishery development space has been severely compressed and the quality issues of aquatic product has become more serious. With the urgent need to expand new space towards the deep sea and obtain high-quality protein, developing deep blue fisheries has been a necessity to build China into a maritime power and promote the upgrading and transformation of fisheries. In this paper, the development situation and current situation of deep blue fisheries at home and abroad are elaborated around the aspects of marine economic and technological development planning, deep sea aquaculture technology and equipment, exploitation and utilization of marine strategic resources such as Antarctic krill, etc. The strategic significance of developing deep blue fishery in supply of safe food, sustainable development of fishery and development of blue economy is analyzed. It is suggested that the development of deep blue fisheries should be promoted steadily and adapted to local conditions, and overall planning should be made; scientific and technological innovation should be made to speed up tackling key technological problems; steady progress should be made step by step; industries should be upgraded to accelerate integrated development.