Biofloc technology (BFT) can improve water quality in aquaculture ponds, reduce feed conversion and enhance the immunity of aquatic animals, for which it is considered to be one of the effective technologies to solve the current problem of intensive aquaculture. At present, good economic, ecological and social benefits have been obtained at home and abroad. The effects of biofloc on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, non-specific immunity and antioxidant ability and aquaculture water quality of aquatic animals were summarized on the basis of consulting the relevant literature at home and abroad. A number of studies have shown that BFT can promote the growth of aquatic animals, improve digestive enzyme activity, enhance non-specific immunity, hoist antioxidant capacity, save water resources, reduce feed costs and increase economic benefits. The combination of BTF with other aquaculture technologies can more effectively reduce nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants in aquaculture water and improve economic, ecological and social benefits, and has a broad prospect.