Abstract: In order to solve the problems of great labor intensity, low feeding accuracy, nonuniform, etc. in industrial aquaculture, a rail-type automatic feeding system based on the PLC was studied and designed. The system is composed of 4 parts including loading device, traveling device, feeding device and    control device. The control part of the system takes PLC as the core and touch screen as the human- machine inter-face, where it uses low pressure pneumatic conveying way to load baits, drives the       walking car to convey baits, using the spiral feeding device and the rotating disc to throw baits evenly and quantitatively. The test results showed that: Feeding in 4 aquaculture ponds can be realized, feeding time is set at 6 times, running speed is up to 18.75m/min, feeding accuracy is 0.5%~2.2%, feeding     speed is about 1kg/min, and the positioning accuracy is around 110mm. The feeding system is high in  precision, uniform in feeding, and high in efficiency, which can effectively improve the feed efficiency  and reduce labor intensity, thereby reducing the costs of industrial aquaculture.

Key words: industrial aquaculture, automatic feeding system, PLC, touch screen

摘要： 针对工厂化养殖中人工投饵劳动强度大、投饲误差大、不均匀等问题，研究并设计了一种轨道式自动投饲系统。该系统由上料装置、行走装置、投饲装置和控制装置4个部分组成。控制部分以PLC为核心、触摸屏为人机界面，采用低压气力输送的方式上料，驱动行走小车运行的方式进行饵料输送，控制螺旋下料装置和旋转抛撒盘的方式进行定量、均匀的饵料抛撒。测试结果显示，可以实现4个养殖池的饵料投喂，6次投喂等待时间设定，行走速度达18.75m/min，投饲量精度在0.5%~2.2%，投饲速度1kg/min左右，定位精度110mm左右。该投饵系统具有投饲精度高、均匀、高效率等特点，可有效提高饲料利用率和降低劳动强度，从而减少工厂化养殖成本。