渔业船联网是物联网技术在海洋渔业中的具体应用，建设过程是一个庞大的系统性工程，本文系统地对渔业船联网涉及到的信息采集、传输、存储、处理及安全等关键技术发展现状和趋势进行了分析，明确了多源异构渔业信息采集及智能化渔船构建技术方案，分析了海上无线通信、海洋卫星通信、近海宽带无线和基于MESH的宽带自组网等海上通信技术的现状和发展趋势；结合渔业船联网的需求，阐述了各种通信方式在船联网使用的优缺点；提出基于大数据的海洋渔业数据处理方法；梳理了船联网系统面临的信息安全风险。通过上述分析，为后续渔业船联网系统设计和具体实施奠定基础。

 Fishery Internet of Vessels (FIoV) is the specific application of Internet of Things (IOT) technology in marine fisheries, and its construction is a huge systematic project. In this paper,  the state-of-the-art and future trends of key technologies such as information acquisition, transmission, storage, processing and security involved in fishery internet of vessels is analyzed systematically, the technical scheme of multi-source heterogeneous fishery information acquisition and intelligent fishery vessel construction is designed, and the state-of-the-art and future trends of maritime wireless communications, ocean satellite communications, offshore broadband wireless and ad hoc networks based on MESH are analyzed; in combination with the requirements of fishery internet of vessels, the advantages and disadvantages of different communication methods in fishery internet of vessels are described, a fishery information processing method based on big data is proposed, and the information security risk for fishery internet of vessels system is analyzed. The above-mentioned analysis will lay a foundation for the design and implementation of fishery internet of vessels system.