摘要： 为探索草鱼不同养殖模式水质指标的变化规律和养殖效益差异，设置了3种养殖模式：草鱼+凡纳滨对虾混养模式(模式1)、草鱼+中华鳖混养模式(模式2)和草鱼单养模式(模式3)，并对不同模式水体中总氨氮TAN、亚硝酸盐氮NO-N、硝酸盐氮NO-N、酸碱度pH、高锰酸盐指数CODMn、总氮TN、总磷TP以及养殖产量、净利润进行测定和分析。结果显示：在水质因子上，模式1和2的NO-N质量浓度随养殖时间均呈降低的变化趋势，NO-N均呈先升高后降低的趋势，且至养殖后期时NO-N、NO-N质量浓度均显著低于模式3(P<0.05)；而3种模式的TAN质量浓度无明显规律性变化，且至养殖后期时无明显差异。3种模式间CODMn质量浓度未产生显著差异(P>0.05)，但均呈逐渐升高的趋势。模式1的pH均大于模式3，并在养殖中后期时显著大于模式2和3。3种模式的TN、TP质量浓度均随养殖时间呈逐渐升高趋势，其中模式1和2的TN、TP质量浓度均低于模式3，并均在10月12日时产生显著差异(P<0.05)。在养殖效益上，模式2的草鱼单位产量最高，总产值和净利润均高于其他两种模式，其次为模式1。研究表明，两种草鱼混养模式在水质因子和养殖效益上均优于草鱼单养模式，其中草鱼+中华鳖混养模式最佳。

关键词: 草鱼, 养殖模式, 水质因子, 养殖效益

Abstract: To explore the changing rules of water quality indexes and the differences of aquaculture benefits in different aquaculture systems of Ctenopharyngodon idella, three aquaculture models were set up, namely Ctenopharyngodon idella cum Litopenaeus Vannamei mixed culture model (model 1), Ctenopharyngodon idella cum Trionyx Sinensis culture model (model 2), as well as Ctenopharyngodon idella monoculture model (model 3). The total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), nitrite nitrogen (NO-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO-N), pH, permanganate index CODMn, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), aquaculture yield and net profit in different aquaculture models were determined and analyzed. The results showed that in model 1 and 2, the concentrations of NO-N exhibited a decreasing trend with the increase of culture time, NO-N concentration increased first and then decreased, and at the later stage of aquaculture, the concentrations of NO-N and NO-N were significantly lower than that in model 3 (P<0.05). However, there were no significant regular changes in TAN concentrations in all three models, and no significant differences at the later culture stage among them. CODMn concentrations in the three models had no significant difference (P>0.05) , but they all showed a gradually increasing trend. The pH of model 1 was always greater than that of model 3, and was significantly greater than model 2 and 3 at the middle and late culture periods. The concentrations of TN and TP in three models all gradually increased with time, while they were lower in model 1 and 2 were than in model 3, and differences became significant in October 12 (P<0.05). In terms of aquaculture benefits, model 2 had the highest unit yield, higher total output value and net profit than the other two models, and followed by model 1. The results showed that the two polyculture models of Ctenopharyngodon idella were better than the monoculture model in terms of water quality factors and aquaculture benefits, and the Ctenopharyngodon idella cum Trionyx Sinensis culture model was the best.

Key words: Ctenopharyngodon idella, aquaculture model, Water quality factor, aquaculture benefit